Anti-cancer Effect of Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Mulberry via Caspase-3 Cleavage and DNA Fragmentation in vitro and in vivo

Title:Anti-cancer Effect of Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Mulberry via Caspase-3 Cleavage and DNA Fragmentation in vitro and in vivo

Volume: 17 Issue: 11

Author(s): Eugene Cho, Eun Y. Chung, Hye-Yeon Jang, On-Yu Hong, Hee S. Chae, Young-Ju Jeong, Sun-Young Kim, Byeong-Soo Kim, Dong J. Yoo, Jong-Suk Kim*Kwang-Hyun Park*

Affiliation:

• Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54914,Korea

• Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Development, Nambu University, Gwangju, 62271,Korea

Keywords: Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Morus alba L., mulberry, anti-cancer, caspase-3, DNA fragmentation, nude mice.

Abstract: Background: Fruits of Morus alba L. (mulberry) have various bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and anthocyanins and used as a herbal medicine. However, the anti-cancer effects and molecular basis have not been elucidated.

Methods: We isolated the cyanidin-3-glucoside in various cultivar of mulberry by acidified-methanol extraction methods. This molecule were compared mass spectroscopic properties by LC-MS/MS and analyzed by 1H and 13C NMR. We examined the anti-cancer effect with molecular mechanisms of the cyanidin-3-glucoside on MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cells and xenograft animal model.

Results: The treatment with the mulberry cyanidin-3-glucoside decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with alteration of apoptotic protein contents, and DNA fragmentation, suggesting that cells undergo apoptosis. Supporting the observations, Treatment with the cyanidin-3-glucoside showed active apoptosis by caspase-3 cleavage and DNA fragmentation through Bcl-2 and Bax pathway. Indeed, cyanidin-3-glucoside inhibits tumor growth in MDA-MB-453 cells-inoculated nude mice. Tumor growth of xenograft nude mouse was significantly reduced compared to the control group by the cyanidin-3-glucoside.

Conclusion: The data demonstrate that cyanidin-3-glucoside isolated from mulberry induced apoptosis in breast cancer (MDA-MB-453) cells, and therefore, has a potential as an anti-cancer agent. These results show that mulberry cyanidin-3-glucoside inhibit the proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo model and, indicating the inhibition of tumor progression.

Cite this article as:

Cho Eugene , Chung Y. Eun , Jang Hye-Yeon, Hong On-Yu , Chae S. Hee, Jeong Young-Ju , Kim Sun-Young, Kim Byeong-Soo , Yoo J. Dong , Kim Jong-Suk *, Park Kwang-Hyun*, Anti-cancer Effect of Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Mulberry via Caspase-3 Cleavage and DNA Fragmentation in vitro and in vivo, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 17 (11) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520617666170327152026