Abstract
Antibiotics developed over the past quarter century have greatly improved toxic to therapeutic ratios compared to older agents. This is due to both a wider spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity and less frequent side effects. In combination with once daily dosing and nearly complete bioavailability of some newer agents, the better risk to benefit ratios have led to empiric antibiotic use in many situations even when bacterial infections are not likely. Many newer antibiotics are not often considered toxic, although their side effects have been documented in medical literature, and several antibiotics that were considered very safe have been removed from the market or their use severely restricted within a relatively short time after their introduction. An understanding of the frequency and mechanism of unintended effects helps physicians minimize them, treat them quickly and effectively when they occur, and even avoid them. Drug interactions and potential adverse effects of β-lactam antibiotics, penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, are presented.
Keywords: allergies, penicillins, cephalosporins,, carbapenem antibiotics, antibacterial activity, lactam antibiotics
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Separating Fact from Fiction: The Data Behind Allergies and Side Effects Caused by Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Carbapenem Antibiotics
Volume: 9 Issue: 12
Author(s): Ira Leviton
Affiliation:
Keywords: allergies, penicillins, cephalosporins,, carbapenem antibiotics, antibacterial activity, lactam antibiotics
Abstract: Antibiotics developed over the past quarter century have greatly improved toxic to therapeutic ratios compared to older agents. This is due to both a wider spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity and less frequent side effects. In combination with once daily dosing and nearly complete bioavailability of some newer agents, the better risk to benefit ratios have led to empiric antibiotic use in many situations even when bacterial infections are not likely. Many newer antibiotics are not often considered toxic, although their side effects have been documented in medical literature, and several antibiotics that were considered very safe have been removed from the market or their use severely restricted within a relatively short time after their introduction. An understanding of the frequency and mechanism of unintended effects helps physicians minimize them, treat them quickly and effectively when they occur, and even avoid them. Drug interactions and potential adverse effects of β-lactam antibiotics, penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, are presented.
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Cite this article as:
Leviton Ira, Separating Fact from Fiction: The Data Behind Allergies and Side Effects Caused by Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Carbapenem Antibiotics, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2003; 9 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612033455143
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612033455143 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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