Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Cytocompatibility Versus Cytotoxicity: A Serendipitous Paradox

Title:Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Cytocompatibility Versus Cytotoxicity: A Serendipitous Paradox

Volume: 23 Issue: 20

Author(s): Milad P. Masouleh*, Vahid Hosseini*, Masoud Pourhaghgouy and Martin K. Bakht

Affiliation:

• Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD,United Kingdom

• Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH, Zürich 8093,Switzerland

Keywords: Calcium phosphate nanoparticles, nanotoxicity, apoptosis, calcium signaling, mitochondrial-dependent pathway, cytotoxicity.

Abstract: Due to efficacious characteristics of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNs), they have numerously been employed in nanomedicine, particularly as carrier for therapeutic and diagnostic agents, and also in tissue engineering. Although calcium phosphate minerals are noted for their cytocompatibility, there are outstanding findings from various studies that question whether they are still compatible with cells in nanoscale ranges or not and it leads to the controversial issue of CPNs cytocompatibility versus cytotoxicity. In this regard, it is necessary to know how CPNs could result in cytotoxicity for future studies. Interestingly, most of the researchers have attributed the cytotoxicity to triggering of apoptosis in CPNs-exposed cells. Furthermore, it is reported that CPNs could result in cancer cell demise through induction of apoptosis. According to the findings, not only CPNs are promising for cancer cell drug delivery, but also they have the potential to be employed as therapeutic agents. In this review, firstly the physical and chemical properties of CPNs and their application in medicine are reviewed. Moreover, the interaction between CPNs and different kind of cells are covered. Lastly, employment of CPNs as a therapeutic agent is discussed.

Cite this article as:

Masouleh P. Milad*, Hosseini Vahid*, Pourhaghgouy Masoud and Bakht K. Martin , Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles Cytocompatibility Versus Cytotoxicity: A Serendipitous Paradox, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2017; 23 (20) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570163814666170321115007