摘要
微生物(病毒、细菌和真菌)或其生物活性剂可以作为活性物质,因此被称为微生物防虫剂(MPCA)。它们被用来作为替代化学杀虫剂的对策,以抵抗耐药性的发展,减少对环境和人类健康的不利影响。这些天然的昆虫剂,具有与传统的化学杀虫剂相比,通常认为更安全的具体行动方式。杆状病毒是唯一的病毒作为最安全的生物控制剂。他们感染虫有较窄的宿主范围。Bacillus thuringiensis(BT)是最广泛和成功地应用生物杀虫剂在害虫综合治理方案,在世界上。BT的主要产品CES晶体的δ-内毒素和分泌毒素。然而,Bt毒素在很长一段时间内不稳定,对太阳紫外线高度敏感。所以,转基因植物表达的毒素,哈哈已经发展并代表了植物检疫生物制品的很大一部分。最后,昆虫病原真菌,特别是Beauveria bassiana和金龟子绿僵菌,还用于其杀虫特性。大多数对人类安全的各种过程方面的研究,非目标生物和环境有报道急性但不是慢性毒性。本文回顾EWS行动MPCA方法的模式,其毒性危害人类健康和生态毒理学简介及其在环境中的持久性。这篇评论是“昆虫”特刊的一部分。行动模式:从昆虫ICIDE哺乳动物毒性”。
关键词: 生物杀虫剂、病毒、细菌、真菌、毒理学、环境持久性,生态毒理学。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Microbial Pest Control Agents: Are they a Specific And Safe Tool for Insect Pest Management?
Volume: 24 Issue: 27
关键词: 生物杀虫剂、病毒、细菌、真菌、毒理学、环境持久性,生态毒理学。
摘要: Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria and fungi) or their bioactive agents can be used as active substances and therefore are referred as Microbial Pest Control Agents (MPCA). They are used as alternative strategies to chemical insecticides to counteract the development of resistances and to reduce adverse effects on both environment and human health. These natural entomopathogenic agents, which have specific modes of action, are generally considered safer as compared to conventional chemical insecticides. Baculoviruses are the only viruses being used as the safest biological control agents. They infect insects and have narrow host ranges. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the most widely and successfully used bioinsecticide in the integrated pest management programs in the world. Bt mainly produces crystal delta-endotoxins and secreted toxins. However, the Bt toxins are not stable for a very long time and are highly sensitive to solar UV. So genetically modified plants that express toxins have been developed and represent a large part of the phytosanitary biological products. Finally, entomopathogenic fungi and particularly, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, are also used for their insecticidal properties. Most studies on various aspects of the safety of MPCA to human, non-target organisms and environment have only reported acute but not chronic toxicity. This paper reviews the modes of action of MPCA, their toxicological risks to human health and ecotoxicological profiles together with their environmental persistence. This review is part of the special issue "Insecticide Mode of Action: From Insect to Mammalian Toxicity".
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Cite this article as:
Microbial Pest Control Agents: Are they a Specific And Safe Tool for Insect Pest Management?, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170314144311
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170314144311 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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