Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Protects Against Arsenic Neurotoxicity via Antioxidative Mechanism and Activation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity

Title:Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Protects Against Arsenic Neurotoxicity via Antioxidative Mechanism and Activation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity

Volume: 17 Issue: 3

Author(s): Smarajit Maiti*, Nirmallya Acharyya, Tamal K. Ghosh, Sk. Sajed Ali, Emili Manna, Aarifa Nazmeen and Nirmalya K. Sinha

Affiliation:

• Post Graduate Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Cell & Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, OIST, Midnapore-721102, West Bengal,India

Keywords: Antioxidant system, arsenic toxicity, cytosolic, DNA fragmentation, neuroprotection by Camellia sinensi, SOD1.

Abstract: Background: Chronic arsenic-exposure even at a low-dose results in the neural impairment and motor/cognitive dysfunction. However, several preventive approaches are made mainly against hepatic/ gastrointestinal damages. Only a few investigations postulate therapeutic strategies for neural anomalies. Here, the protective role of Green tea (Camellia sinensis or CS; 10mg/ml aqueous) has been evaluated against arsenic-induced (0.6ppm/100g bw/28 days) cerebral/cerebellar tissue degeneration, oxidative-threats and neurotransmitter deregulation in female rats.

Methods and Results: The Dunnett's t test and multiple-comparison ANOVA-test suggest that arsenic significantly decreased free thiol level with an increase in lipid-peroxidised product and damages to the tissue-structure. A significant decrease in serum urate accompanied by increases in C-reactive protein and TNF-α, an acute-phase inflammatory cytokine, strongly suggests a possible mechanism of oxidative- inflammatory tissue injury being supported by the increase in lactate-dehydrogenase activity. In addition, suppression in cytosolic superoxide-dismutase (Cu-Zn isoform/SOD1; NBT reduction-test) and an insufficient protection through catalase activity culminate free radical-related damages. In-vitro, H2O2 inactivated partially-purified (dialyzed/concentrated, 6-8kd cutoff-Millipore) rat liver SOD1 and that was markedly protected by 2-mercaptoethanol. Though significant signs of toxicities were noticed at biochemical/cellular level, the present treatment did not affect DNA (DNA-fragmentation assay) in the brain tissues. The CS supplementation significantly protected serum/tissue antioxidant-components, prevented inflammatory-responses and decreased lipid-peroxidation in brain resulting in increased tissue integrity. Moreover, arsenic-induced impairment of neurotransmitters i.e. glycine, glutamate and aspartate levels in cerebral tissue were significantly restored in CS-supplemented group.

Conclusion: Taken together, this investigation indicates the potent neuroprotective and antioxidative efficiencies of Camellia sinensis against arsenic-induced oxidative threat.

Cite this article as:

Maiti Smarajit*, Acharyya Nirmallya, Ghosh K. Tamal, Ali Sajed Sk., Manna Emili, Nazmeen Aarifa and Sinha K. Nirmalya, Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Protects Against Arsenic Neurotoxicity via Antioxidative Mechanism and Activation of Superoxide Dismutase Activity, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 17 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871524917666170201145102