Production and Optimization of Bacterial Cellulase Using Agricultural Cellulosic Biomass by Solid State Cultivation

Title:Production and Optimization of Bacterial Cellulase Using Agricultural Cellulosic Biomass by Solid State Cultivation

Volume: 6 Issue: 4

Author(s): Michael Bamitale Osho*, Pauline Nnebuogor Nwagala and Eniola Enitan Ojo

Affiliation:

• Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural & Applied Sciences, McPherson University, Seriki Sotayo, P.M.B. 2094, Abeokuta, Ogun State,Nigeria

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, cellulase, groundnut shell biomass, carboxyl methyl cellulose assay, solid state cultivation, optimization.

Abstract: Background: Biodegradation of lignocellulosic materials to monomeric sugars by the action of cellulolytic enzymes has recorded a significant value for industrial processes. These sugars can be converted to ethanol which is of great economic value to salvage the ever-increasing global dependence on fossil fuel and its gradual depletion. Exploitation of this cellulosic groundnut shell biomass possesses both significant industrial and environmental implications.

Objective: To isolate microorganisms of soil origin capable of producing cellulase, investigate hydrolysis of groundnut shell biomass and characterize the enzyme.

Methods: Bacteria were isolated and screened from saw mill soil and were identified morphologically and biochemically using analytical profile index kit and apiweb software. Enzyme extract was assayed using carboxyl methyl cellulase assay method and partially purified. Enzyme saccharification of the pretreated biomass, pH, temperature and thermal stability were studied.

Results: Out of the twelve bacteria species isolated and screened for cellulase producing potential, eight showed positive on screening medium indicated by clear or halo zone around growing microbial colonies. However, Bacillus subtilis was selected based on zone of inhibition exhibited on screening medium (28 mm) and hydrolysis efficiency of 100%. Both the crude and partially purified cellulase exhibited similar optimum pH 4.0 and differing optimal temperature 50°C and 60°C and thermally stable at 60°C and 70°C retaining about 78% and 71% activity respectively.

Conclusion: Cheap, unexploited, renewable and readily available agricultural cellulosic biomass has been effectively utilized as substrate for the production of a thermally stable enzyme as criteria for industrial application.

Cite this article as:

Osho Bamitale Michael*, Nwagala Nnebuogor Pauline and Ojo Enitan Eniola, Production and Optimization of Bacterial Cellulase Using Agricultural Cellulosic Biomass by Solid State Cultivation, Current Biotechnology 2017; 6 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211550106666170109151156