摘要
痴呆症以65岁以上的人的认知和行为障碍为特征。阿尔茨海默病(AD)是世界上最常见的神经退行性疾病。有4 700万人受到这一疾病的影响,其趋势是到2030年这一数字将增加到62%。这一疾病有两个微观特征,即淀粉样蛋白pl。质膜和神经纤维团。所有这些因素都是影响语言、人格或认知控制的记忆缓慢和逐渐恶化的原因。对于AD的诊断,神经心理学测试是在认知功能的不同领域进行的,但由于并不是所有的认知功能都可能受到影响,所以在进行这些测试的同时还使用了脑脊液生物标志物。s.到目前为止,胆碱酯酶抑制剂已被用作治疗,他们是唯一的药物,显示了显着改善的认知功能的AD患者。尽管被证明是有效的胆碱酯酶抑制剂是一种AD载体,即使在治疗过程中,也会不断地受到神经元组织的渐进变性。因此,其他生化途径结合AD的病理生理特点,探讨了抑制β-分泌酶和糖原合成酶激酶-3β等治疗AD的方法。本研究旨在综述阿尔茨海默病的流行病学、病理生理学、症状、诊断和治疗,强调新的治疗方法的研究和开发。
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,病理生理学,治疗,乙酰胆碱酯酶,β-分泌酶,糖原合成酶激酶-3β。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Alzheimer's Disease: A Review from the Pathophysiology to Diagnosis, New Perspectives for Pharmacological Treatment
Volume: 25 Issue: 26
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,病理生理学,治疗,乙酰胆碱酯酶,β-分泌酶,糖原合成酶激酶-3β。
摘要: Dementia is characterized by the impairment of cognition and behavior of people over 65 years. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the world, as approximately 47 million people are affected by this disease and the tendency is that this number will increase to 62% by 2030. Two microscopic features assist in the characterization of the disease, the amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary agglomerates. All these factors are responsible for the slow and gradual deterioration of memory that affect language, personality or cognitive control. For the AD diagnosis, neuropsychological tests are performed in different spheres of cognitive functions but since not all cognitive functions may be affected, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are used along with these tests. To date, cholinesterase inhibitors are used as treatment, they are the only drugs that have shown significant improvements in the cognitive functions of AD patients. Despite the proven effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors, an AD carrier, even while being treated, is continually subjected to progressive degeneration of the neuronal tissue. For this reason, other biochemical pathways associated with the pathophysiology of AD have been explored as alternatives to the treatment of this condition such as inhibition of β-secretase and glycogen synthase kinase-3β. The present study aims to conduct a review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, emphasizing the research and development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Cite this article as:
Alzheimer's Disease: A Review from the Pathophysiology to Diagnosis, New Perspectives for Pharmacological Treatment, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 25 (26) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213101126
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161213101126 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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