Abstract
Background: Since the available metals are not able to meet the desired structural, mechanical and electrochemical properties therefore composites and nanocomposites are being used now a days. Composites are an amalgamation of materials that are mixed together to develop new compound with special and superior properties as compared to the base material. Nanocomposite is a new approach in which out of two phase, any one phase should consist of single unit sized particle whose dimension lies in between 1 and 1000 nanometres (nm) but usually it lies between 1-100 nm
Objective: The present paper provides an overview on the different types of nanocomposites, their manufacturing, mechanical behaviour & industrial applications. Method: Gupta et al. synthesized iron (Fe) - alumina (Al2O3) metal matrix nanocomposites synthesized via powder metallurgy technique. Composition selected for the study was in the range of 5-30wt% of Al2O3 in Fe matrix. Specimens were synthesized by ball milling, compaction and sintering in argon atmosphere in temperature range of 900-1100°C for 1 to 3 hour respectively. Results: It was found that due to reactive sintering between iron and alumina particles an iron aluminate (FeAl2O4) phase forms. Formation of nano iron aluminate phases and related properties also depend on processing parameters. It was also found that the mechanical and electrochemical properties varies with the sintering parameters which in turn depend upon the iron aluminate phase formation. Conclusion: Metal Matrix Nanocomposites are excellent for manufacturing materials having high strength in the case of shear & compression processes and have ability to work at elevated temperature.Keywords: Nanocomposites, reinforced materials, polymer matrix nanocomposites, metal matrix nanocomposites, ceramic matrix nanocomposites, electrochemical.
Graphical Abstract
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