Abstract
Background: Beside the influence of nutritional habits and reduced physical activity, metabolic syndrome is associated with alterations in the structure of gut microbiota influencing the inflammatory immune responses. Gut microbiota and microbial metabolic activities are known to affect the lipid and glucose metabolism, satiety and chronic low-grade inflammation in the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to identify genera or even species affecting host metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes beside the common used indicator: Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio.
Methods: Differences in gut microbiota were investigated in three groups of subjects over a four month intervention period: type 2 diabetics under GLP1-Agonist therapy, obese individuals without established insulin resistance, both receiving nutritional counseling concerning weight reduction, and a lean control group. Collection of fecal samples was accomplished at two time points, before treatment, and after four months of treatment. For identification of bacteria at species-level we used 454 high-throughput sequencing and fragment length polymorphism analysis based on IS-pro (Intergenic-Spacer-profiling). Five bacterial species, two bacterial genera, total bacterial abundance, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were determined.
Results: Type 2 diabetics showed a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio even with an increase to the second time point (p=0.07). The abundance of B. thetaiotaomicron remained unaffected, whereas B. vulgatus significantly increased in type 2 diabetics (p=0.07) over the study period. Either Alistipes spp. showed an increase in type 2 diabetics between the time points (p=0.06). The abundance of F. prausnitzii (p=0.03) and A. muciniphila (p=0.03) also increased in type 2 diabetics over study period. In addition, the concentration of P. anaerobius (p=0.03) was significantly higher in type 2 diabetics after intervention compared to lean and obese controls.
Conclusion: Our results clearly show a difference in the gut bacterial composition in type 2 diabetics compared to lean controls or obesity. Therefore, the ratio of Fimicutes/Bacteroidetes might only be an indicator, but a detailed view at species level is even more important in regard to distinction of their functions.
Keywords: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, fragment length polymorphism analysis, GLP-1 Agonist therapy, metabolic syndrome.
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Gut Microbiota of Obese, Type 2 Diabetic Individuals is Enriched in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius after Weight Loss
Volume: 16 Issue: 2
Author(s): Marlene Remely, Berit Hippe, Julia Zanner, Eva Aumueller, Helmuth Brath and Alexander G. Haslberger
Affiliation:
Keywords: Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, fragment length polymorphism analysis, GLP-1 Agonist therapy, metabolic syndrome.
Abstract: Background: Beside the influence of nutritional habits and reduced physical activity, metabolic syndrome is associated with alterations in the structure of gut microbiota influencing the inflammatory immune responses. Gut microbiota and microbial metabolic activities are known to affect the lipid and glucose metabolism, satiety and chronic low-grade inflammation in the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to identify genera or even species affecting host metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes beside the common used indicator: Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio.
Methods: Differences in gut microbiota were investigated in three groups of subjects over a four month intervention period: type 2 diabetics under GLP1-Agonist therapy, obese individuals without established insulin resistance, both receiving nutritional counseling concerning weight reduction, and a lean control group. Collection of fecal samples was accomplished at two time points, before treatment, and after four months of treatment. For identification of bacteria at species-level we used 454 high-throughput sequencing and fragment length polymorphism analysis based on IS-pro (Intergenic-Spacer-profiling). Five bacterial species, two bacterial genera, total bacterial abundance, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were determined.
Results: Type 2 diabetics showed a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio even with an increase to the second time point (p=0.07). The abundance of B. thetaiotaomicron remained unaffected, whereas B. vulgatus significantly increased in type 2 diabetics (p=0.07) over the study period. Either Alistipes spp. showed an increase in type 2 diabetics between the time points (p=0.06). The abundance of F. prausnitzii (p=0.03) and A. muciniphila (p=0.03) also increased in type 2 diabetics over study period. In addition, the concentration of P. anaerobius (p=0.03) was significantly higher in type 2 diabetics after intervention compared to lean and obese controls.
Conclusion: Our results clearly show a difference in the gut bacterial composition in type 2 diabetics compared to lean controls or obesity. Therefore, the ratio of Fimicutes/Bacteroidetes might only be an indicator, but a detailed view at species level is even more important in regard to distinction of their functions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Remely Marlene, Hippe Berit, Zanner Julia, Aumueller Eva, Brath Helmuth and Haslberger G. Alexander, Gut Microbiota of Obese, Type 2 Diabetic Individuals is Enriched in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius after Weight Loss, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2016; 16 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530316666160831093813
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530316666160831093813 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pharmacological Treatments for Obesity
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Computational Modelling of Catalytic Properties and Modified Substrates of Fungal β-N-Acetylhexosaminidases
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Concurrent Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus Septicemia</i> and Thyroid Abscess in a Young Male with Dengue
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Immunopathology of Brucella Infection
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Therapeutic Utilities of Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization
Current Cardiology Reviews Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections: Risk Scoring and Role of Antibiotic Envelope in Prevention
Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery (Discontinued) The Co-Metabolism within the Gut-Brain Metabolic Interaction: Potential Targets for Drug Treatment and Design
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Antibiotic Use in Children - Off-Label Use
Current Drug Targets Development and Validation of A Stability-Indicating Mekc Method for Determination of Flucloxacillin Sodium in Capsules
Current Analytical Chemistry Effect of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis</i> and <i>Candida guilliermondii</i>
Current Drug Therapy COVID-19: How Nuclear Medicine Can Provide A Differential Diagnosis In A Very Dubious Case
Coronaviruses Role of Molecular Analysis After Autopsy Negative Sudden Death in the Young
Current Pediatric Reviews Chemistry and Pharmacology of Neglected Helminthic Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Role of Bone Marrow in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Imidazole Derivatives and their Antibacterial Activity - A Mini-Review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Serratia Type Pore Forming Toxins
Current Protein & Peptide Science Tandem Multicomponent Reactions Toward the Design and Synthesis of Novel Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Motifs
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardiovascular Diseases in Pregnancy - A Brief Overview
Current Cardiology Reviews Enterococcal Cytolysin: A Novel Two Component Peptide System that Serves as a Bacterial Defense Against Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells
Current Protein & Peptide Science Targeting RGD Recognizing Integrins: Drug Development, Biomaterial Research, Tumor Imaging and Targeting
Current Pharmaceutical Design