摘要
三甲胺-N-氧化物(TMAO)是一种低分子量代谢产物,其产生依赖于其前体胆碱,肉毒碱,肌酸酐,甜菜碱或卵磷脂的代谢,由宿主肠道微生物导致合成三甲胺(TMA),其随后被氧化 通过肝黄素单加氧酶(FMO)转化为TMAO。 TMAO与微生物失调有关,正在研究其与心血管疾病的关系。 另外,TMAO水平失调与肾脏疾病,神经疾病和癌症有关。 在这里,我们讨论导致TMAO产生的酶和代谢景观,此外,整理来自众多临床研究的数据,已经评估TMAO作为各种疾病状态的生物标志物。 我们还总结了TMAO与现代和传统药物之间的相互作用,这些药物共同影响人体内TMAO的循环水平。
关键词: 抗生素耐药,心脏代谢紊乱,饮食,草药,代谢产物,三甲胺-N-氧化物。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:The Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide is an Emergent Biomarker of Human Health
Volume: 24 Issue: 36
关键词: 抗生素耐药,心脏代谢紊乱,饮食,草药,代谢产物,三甲胺-N-氧化物。
摘要: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a low molecular weight metabolite whose production is dependent on metabolism of its precursors choline, carnitine, creatinine, betaine or lecithin by host gut microbes resulting in the synthesis of trimethylamine (TMA), which is subsequently oxidized to TMAO via hepatic flavin monooxygenase (FMO). TMAO is associated with microbial dysbiosis and is being studied for its linkage with cardiovascular disorders. In addition, dysregulated levels of TMAO have been linked with renal diseases, neurological disorders and cancer. Here we discuss the enzymatic and metabolic landscape that results in TMAO production, and in addition, collate data from numerous clinical studies that have assessed TMAO as a biomarker for various disease conditions. We also summarize the interaction of TMAO with modern and traditional drugs that together affect circulating TMAO levels in the human body.
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Cite this article as:
The Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide is an Emergent Biomarker of Human Health, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (36) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160830104025
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160830104025 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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