摘要
过表达蛋白修饰(PTM)伴随着生物合成发生,是主要的的细胞定义其极限功能的事件。在深远的蛋白质生物学功能中,这是一个重要的控制机制。它能开启或关闭蛋白质的功能,一些研究被执行以用于了解其作用机制,生理途径和功能性。PTMs有改变蛋白质结构,构象以及生理活性的作用,目前为止,在生理途径中,一系列的蛋白质修饰已经被检测了。包括有通过侧链氨基酸共价修饰的主链肽键与终端部分等。随着PTM的发生,蛋白质可能会有:(a)病理毒性(b)生物活性或非活性(c)更容易水解处理,(d)越来越多地/递减地固定到其伴侣蛋白中去(e)改变蛋白酶活性。这些变化可能会影响细胞信号传导,转换,存储、表达、结合或亲和的通路。任何这些事件都可能与代谢,生长和/或慢性功能障碍例如癌症、心血管疾病、中风,病毒/细菌/寄生虫感染,炎症,血栓形成,糖尿病,中枢神经系统相关疾病等有严重健康后果的情况相关。有些修饰十分常见以及被广泛的研究。然而最近几年,PTMs被描述的很少。其中包括糖基磷脂酰肌醇化,neddylayion,siderophorylation,SUMO化修饰,cholesteroylation AMPylation等,当然其它的也十分重要。这篇稿子对罕见的以及非常规型的蛋白修饰及其对健康,代谢和疾病情况的作用意义提供了一次全面的阐述。
关键词: 过表达蛋白修饰;罕见和非常规型;酰胺化;ampylation;甲酰化;羧基化;羰基化;cholesterylation;脱酰胺作用;糖基磷脂酰肌醇化;羟基化;neddylation;PEG修饰;核糖基化;硒化;siderophorylation;SUMO化修饰;功能效应;疾病影响;生物学通路;治疗目标。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Post-Translational Protein Modifications of Rare and Unconventional Types: Implications in Functions and Diseases
Volume: 23 Issue: 7
Author(s): Sarmistha Basak, Chunyu Lu, Ajoy Basak
Affiliation:
关键词: 过表达蛋白修饰;罕见和非常规型;酰胺化;ampylation;甲酰化;羧基化;羰基化;cholesterylation;脱酰胺作用;糖基磷脂酰肌醇化;羟基化;neddylation;PEG修饰;核糖基化;硒化;siderophorylation;SUMO化修饰;功能效应;疾病影响;生物学通路;治疗目标。
摘要: Protein post-translational modification (PTM) occurs following their biosynthesis and is a key cellular event that defines their ultimate functional properties. It is an important control mechanism for display of biological functions of proteins often in a profound manner. It may switch on or off a protein’s function. Several studies have been conducted to understand their mechanisms, physiological pathways and functional properties. PTMs have been shown to alter structural, conformational and physicochemical properties of proteins. So far a variety of protein modifications have been detected in physiological systems. These involve covalent modifications of amino acids via their side chains, backbone peptide bonds and terminal moieties. Following PTM, proteins may become (a) pathologically toxic, (b) biologically active or inactive, (c) more or less susceptible to proteolytic processing, (d) increasingly/decreasingly bound to its partner protein/s, or (e) modified with altered protease activities. These changes may affect pathways linked to cell signaling/transduction, trafficking, storing, expression, binding and/or affinity. Any of these events may be linked to metabolic, growth and/or chronic dysfunctions with serious health consequences that may include cancer, cardiovascular disease, stroke, viral/bacterial/parasite infections, inflammation, thrombosis, diabetes; central nervous system related conditions. Some of the modifications are more prevalent physiologically and widely studied. However, in recent years additional PTMs have been described that are less common. These include glypiation, neddylayion, siderophorylation, sumoylation, AMPylation, Cholesteroylation and others which are also important. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of these rare and unconventional types of protein modifications and their functional implications to health, metabolism and disease conditions.
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Cite this article as:
Sarmistha Basak, Chunyu Lu, Ajoy Basak , Post-Translational Protein Modifications of Rare and Unconventional Types: Implications in Functions and Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160118095620
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666160118095620 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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