摘要
抗生素的耐药性升级减少了目前可用的抗菌药物的效用。这种威胁的一部分归因于药物的不良药代动力学和药效学。药物生产的改进是制药工业所面临的最具挑战性的任务,然而纳米技术可以给药物输送设计带来一场革命。纳米抗菌剂(NAMS)有其固有的抗菌活性(纳米颗粒)或增加附抗生素的总体疗效(纳米载体),从而有助于减轻或逆转耐药现象。纳米颗粒(NPs)具有自身固有的抗菌活性通过模仿由吞噬细胞即自然杀伤微生物杀灭,通过产生大量活性氧(ROS)和活性氮(RNS)。纳米颗粒通过同时作用于许多重要的生命过程或微生物的代谢途径来杀死微生物,以至于许多对它们产生抗性的基因突变似乎是不可能的。纳米载体改善封闭药物的药代动力学。此外,一个主要的技术,即纳米抗菌剂能克服阻力是有针对性的药物输送到病患部位。这篇综述是对纳米抗菌剂作用机制的综合背景中的多药耐药现象的综合总结。
关键词: 纳米抗菌药物,多药耐药,纳米颗粒,纳米载体系统,行动方式,活性氧(ROS)和活性氮(RNS)。
图形摘要
Current Drug Targets
Title:Mechanism of Action: How Nano-Antimicrobials Act?
Volume: 18 Issue: 3
Author(s): Bushra Jamil, Habib Bokhari, Mohammad Imran.
Affiliation:
关键词: 纳米抗菌药物,多药耐药,纳米颗粒,纳米载体系统,行动方式,活性氧(ROS)和活性氮(RNS)。
摘要: Escalating resistance to almost every class of antibiotics is reducing the utility of currently available antimicrobial drugs. A part of this menace is attributed to poor pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. Improvement in drug delivery is the most challenging task encountered by the pharmaceutical industries; however nanotechnology can bring a revolution in drug delivery design. Nano-antimicrobials (NAMs) have their own intrinsic antimicrobial activity (nanoparticles) or augment overall efficacy of enclosed antibiotics (nano-carriers), thus contribute in mitigating or reversing the resistance phenomenon. Nano-particles (NPs) having their own intrinsic antimicrobial activity kill microbes by mimicking natural course of killing by phagocytic cells i.e., by producing large quantity of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS). It is believed that NPs kill microbes by simultaneously acting on many essential life processes or metabolic routes of microbes; that as many genetic mutations to develop resistance against them seems to be impossible. Nano carriers improve the pharmacokinetics of the enclosed drug. Moreover, one of the major techniques by which NAMs can overcome resistance is targeted drug delivery to the site of disease. In this review, a comprehensive detail about the mechanism of action of NAMs are presented in context to multi drug resistance phenomenon.
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Cite this article as:
Bushra Jamil, Habib Bokhari, Mohammad Imran. , Mechanism of Action: How Nano-Antimicrobials Act?, Current Drug Targets 2017; 18 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666151019101826
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666151019101826 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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