摘要
丙型肝病毒(HCV)纵使有直接抗病毒剂的时期其仍然是一个全球性的公众健康性问题。本章讨论了针对急慢性HCV感染的免疫应答。HCV感染的结果受限制或者延迟启动先天抗病毒应答的病毒策略的影响。这种延迟可能会在宿主启动T和B细胞应答之前使HCV建立一个广泛的感染。HCV的的遗传敏捷性由于其高复制率及其易错复制机制,使其能够逃避免疫识别。适应性免疫性疾病无法跟上病毒表位的变化。中性抗体表位可能被诱饵结构、聚糖和脂蛋白隐藏。由于表位序列的变化和以及耗尽而导致的T细胞反应失败,这可能是一种已经进化到限制免疫介导的病理学的现象。尽管有这些困难,先天适应性免疫机制确实影响HCV的复制。感染中免疫介导的清除是可能的,发生于20-50%患有这种疾病的人中。新的进展提高了预防和治疗HCV感染的有效免疫措施的希望。
关键词: 丙型肝病毒,免疫应答,先天免疫,T细胞衰竭,拉姆达干扰素,中性抗体
Current Drug Targets
Title:Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic HCV Infection
Volume: 18 Issue: 7
关键词: 丙型肝病毒,免疫应答,先天免疫,T细胞衰竭,拉姆达干扰素,中性抗体
摘要: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a public health problem of global importance, even in the era of potent directly-acting antiviral drugs. In this chapter, I discuss immune responses to acute and chronic HCV infection. The outcome of HCV infection is influenced by viral strategies that limit or delay the initiation of innate antiviral responses. This delay may enable HCV to establish widespread infection long before the host mounts effective T and B cell responses. HCV’s genetic agility, resulting from its high rate of replication and its error prone replication mechanism, enables it to evade immune recognition. Adaptive immune responses fail to keep up with changing viral epitopes. Neutralizing antibody epitopes may be hidden by decoy structures, glycans, and lipoproteins. T cell responses fail due to changing epitope sequences and due to exhaustion, a phenomenon that may have evolved to limit immune-mediated pathology. Despite these difficulties, innate and adaptive immune mechanisms do impact HCV replication. Immune-mediated clearance of infection is possible, occurring in 20-50% of people who contract the disease. New developments raise hopes for effective immunological interventions to prevent or treat HCV infection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic HCV Infection, Current Drug Targets 2017; 18 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666150825110532
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450116666150825110532 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Related Journals
Related Books
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Irradiation Toxicity and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD): Review
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Skeletal Muscle in Cancer Cachexia: The Ideal Target of Drug Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Features of Bioaccumulation and Toxic Effects of Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles Under Repeated Oral Exposure in Rats
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Human Parvovirus B19: An Infectious Agent with the Potential to Induce and Trigger Rheumatic Disease
Current Rheumatology Reviews Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease – AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) as a Therapeutic Target
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Fibrates and Microvascular Complications in Diabetes - Insight from the FIELD Study
Current Pharmaceutical Design Impact of Patient Knowledge of Hypertension Complications on Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy
Current Hypertension Reviews Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Basic Concepts of Nitric Oxide Physiology, Endothelial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Possibilities
Current Vascular Pharmacology An Overview of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Global Havoc
Coronaviruses Quantitative Determination and Validation of Four Phenolic Acids in <i>Salvia Miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge using <sup>1</sup>H-NMR Spectroscopy
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Heme Oxygenase-1 against Vascular Insufficiency: Roles of Atherosclerotic Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Emerging Treatment Strategies and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Primary Sjogrens Syndrome
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Promising Pharmacological, Molecular and Cellular Treatments of Autoimmune Hepatitis
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Immunosuppressive Agent FK506 Prevents Subperineurial Degeneration and Demyelination on Ultrastructural and Functional Analysis
Current Neurovascular Research Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumors: Past, Present and Future Prospects
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Aldose Reductase: A Multi-disease Target
Current Enzyme Inhibition Dynamic Role of Microparticles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Update on Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIg) Mechanisms of Action and Off- Label use in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Melanin to Dissociate Oxygen from Water to Treat Retinopathy of Prematurity
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Monocyte Adhesion in Atherosclerosis: A Biomechanical Approach
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued)