摘要
植物大麻素(pCBs)是一种存在于大麻和其他非大麻植物中的脂溶性的植物化学物质,无论是被用于消遣还是作为一种传统的药物使用都已经有着悠久的历史。内源性大麻素系统(ECS)是围绕着这类植物以及这种化学物质的对药物开发有重要意义的最新发现。内源性大麻素系统包括两个G蛋白偶联受体;大麻素受体-1和-2(CB1和CB2),它们的配体包括大麻中产生精神效应的成分△9-四氢大麻酚(△9-THC)和内源性小脂质配体;花生四烯酸乙醇胺(AEA)和2-花生四烯酸甘油酯(2-AG),也被称为内源性大麻素,还有和内源性大麻素的生物合成和降解相关的酶,如脂肪酸酰胺水解酶(FAAH)和单酰甘油脂肪酶(MAGL)。ECS被认为是一种具有亲稳态和多效性的信号系统,而它在癌症等病理状况期间以一种具有时间和组织特异性的方式被激活。针对CB1受体出现的不良精神反应已经广受关注。因此,在药物开发中,目前吸引兴趣的是从植物中获得的,针对CB2受体或者内源性大麻素代谢酶的植物大麻素(pCBs),因为它不引起不良精神反应。从植物中提取的pCBs似乎安全有效,而且还容易获得。近年来,有报道称一些从非大麻植物中得到的pCBs也能和大麻素受体结合并产生效应,因此似乎也有希望成为开发新药物,包括癌症治疗药物的候选。它们中的一些也作用于控制内源性大麻素水平的内源性大麻素代谢酶。在本文中,我们将概述和讨论pCBs作为一种新而有前途的癌症治疗药物的研究进展和未来前景。
关键词: 抗癌,内源性大麻素系统,抗肿瘤,大麻,大麻二酚,四氢大麻酚,植物大麻素
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Phytocannabinoids for Cancer Therapeutics: Recent Updates and Future Prospects
Volume: 22 Issue: 30
Author(s): K.R. Patil, S.N. Goyal, C. Sharma, C.R. Patil and S. Ojha
Affiliation:
关键词: 抗癌,内源性大麻素系统,抗肿瘤,大麻,大麻二酚,四氢大麻酚,植物大麻素
摘要: Phytocannabinoids (pCBs) are lipid-soluble phytochemicals present in the plant, Cannabis sativa L. and non-cannabis plants which have a long history in recreation and traditional medicine. The plant and the constituents isolated were central in the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), the most new target for drug discovery. The ECS includes two G-protein-coupled receptors; the cannabinoid receptors-1 and -2 (CB1 and CB2) for marijuana's psychoactive principle Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), their endogenous small lipid ligands; namely anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), also known as endocannabinoids and the enzymes for endocannabinoid biosynthesis and degradation such as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). The ECS has been suggested as a pro-homeostatic and pleiotropic signaling system activated in a time- and tissue-specific way during pathological conditions including cancer. Targeting the CB1 receptors becomes a concern because of adverse psychotropic reactions. Hence, targeting the CB2 receptors or the endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes by pCBs obtained from plants lacking psychotropic adverse reactions has garnered interest in drug discovery. These pCBs derived from plants appear safe and effective with a wider access and availability. In the recent years, several pCBs derived other than non-cannabinoid plants have been reported to bind to and functionally interact with cannabinoid receptors and appear promising candidate for drug development including cancer therapeutics. Several of them also targets the endocannabinoid metabolizing enzymes that control endocannabinoid levels. In this article, we summarize and critically discuss the updates and future prospects of the pCBs as novel and promising candidates for cancer therapeutics.
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Cite this article as:
K.R. Patil, S.N. Goyal, C. Sharma, C.R. Patil and S. Ojha , Phytocannabinoids for Cancer Therapeutics: Recent Updates and Future Prospects, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150716115057
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150716115057 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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