Abstract
An efficient, simple and environmentally benign methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives by a three-component condensation of β-keto esters, amines and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes under solvent-free conditions catalyzed by an aprotic imidazole-based zwitterionic salt. The key advantages of this protocol are metal-free reaction conditions, short reaction time, high yields, reusability of the catalyst, and easy work-up. A variety of dihydropyridine derivatives have been synthesized with high yields at room temperature and only water is formed as a green by-product.
Keywords: Dihydropyridines, imidazolium zwitterion, multicomponent, organocatalysis, reusability, solvent-free.
Related Books
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: Chemistry and Biology
Chiral Ionic Liquids: Applications in Chemistry and Technology
Basics of Organic Chemistry: A Textbook for Undergraduate Students
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
22
1