摘要
酿酒酵母作为应激反应研究最优模型的各种原因:i)芽殖酵母基因组显示与人类基因组高度同源;ii)有许多蛋白与特异性人类蛋白功能上的同源性的提高;iii)与其它模型相比,基因操作系统简单合理,并且成本较低;iv) 与单一体形态共同作用的可能性促进多种工艺研究;v)所有真核生物模型最全的数据库。鉴于来自蛋白质组和基因组分析的最新消息,能够得到的与这个生物系统相关的基因、生物化学及分子信息是非常庞大及其全面的。本文中,我们对氧化应激中的传感和转导机制进行阐明综述。稳定期,TOR、RAS/PKA、CWI、SNF1和HOG是氧化反应和正确项目中的主要信号通路。通常, TOR和RAS/PKA下调及SNF1和 CWI上调有助于正确预防静止期的氧化损伤及其相关作用。所有这些通路与人类中的相对应。细胞骨架具有作为氧化反应传感器和靶体的双重作用,与上述级联信号紧紧相连。为了研究决定其使用寿命的一些机制,在芽殖酵母中,穿过稳定期和静止期的级数构成了一种可接受的电流模型。老化是一个与氧化应激相关的过程,它与bulk蛋白自我吞噬和线粒体自噬紧密联系,在其它元素中,当两者均被级联信号正确调节时,其机制属于氧化防御和延长寿命的启动子。
关键词: 老化,CWI通路,谷氧还蛋白,MAPK
Current Drug Targets
Title:Coping With Oxidative Stress. The Yeast Model
Volume: 16 Issue: 1
Author(s): Maria Angeles de la Torre-Ruiz, Nuria Pujol and Venkatraghavan Sundaran
Affiliation:
关键词: 老化,CWI通路,谷氧还蛋白,MAPK
摘要: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an optimal model to study stress responses for various reasons: i) budding yeast genome presents a high degree of homology with the human genome; ii) there are many proteins that show an elevated functional homology with specific human proteins; iii) it is a system whose genetic manipulation is reasonably easy and cheaper than other models; iv) the possibility of working with an haploid state facilitates the study of multiple processes; v) databases are the most complete of all the eukaryotic models. Due to the latest information derived from proteomic and genomic analyses, the genetic, biochemical and molecular information available relative to this biological system is extraordinarily big and complete. In this review, we present an overview of the mechanisms unravelling sensing and transducing oxidative stress. TOR, RAS/PKA, CWI, SNF1, and HOG are the main pathways involved both in the oxidative response and in the correct entry in stationary phase. In general, TOR and RAS/PKA dowregulation and SNF1 and CWI upregulation favour both a correct defence against oxidative damage and the entry in the quiescent state. All of these pathways have counterparts in humans. The actin cytoskeleton plays a dual function as sensor and target of oxidation, in tight connection with the former signalling cascades. In budding yeast, progression through stationary phase and quiescence constitute an accepted current model to study some of the mechanisms that determine life span. Aging is a process associated to oxidative stress and it is in tight relationship with bulk autophagy and mitophagy, both are mechanisms belonging to the oxidative defence and promoters of life extension when correctly regulated by, among other elements, the signalling cascades.
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Maria Angeles de la Torre-Ruiz, Nuria Pujol and Venkatraghavan Sundaran , Coping With Oxidative Stress. The Yeast Model, Current Drug Targets 2015; 16 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450115666141020160105
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450115666141020160105 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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