Abstract
In order to gain insight into the ammonia-detoxification mechanisms in the brain and liver tissues, we have investigated the effects of hyperammonemia in rats, in vivo, on the activity levels of a number of ammonia- and glutamate-metabolizing enzymes in mitochondria and the cytosolic fractions of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and liver. In general, the ammonia metabolizing enzymes – glutaminase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, AMP deaminase, adenosine deaminase, as well as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase – are differentially upregulated in various brain and liver regions of the hyperammonemic rats, indicating that divergent ammonia-detoxification mechanisms are involved in the various brain regions and liver in acute hyperammonemia.
Keywords: Ammonia detoxification, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, glutamate metabolism, hippocampus, hyperammonemia, striatum.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Differential Up-Regulation of Ammonia Detoxifying Enzymes in Cerebral Cortex, Cerebellum, Hippocampus, Striatum and Liver in Hyperammonemia
Volume: 13 Issue: 6
Author(s): Elena A. Kosenko, Lyudmila A. Tikhonova, V. Prakash Reddy, Gjumrakch Aliev and Yury G. Kaminsky
Affiliation:
Keywords: Ammonia detoxification, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, glutamate metabolism, hippocampus, hyperammonemia, striatum.
Abstract: In order to gain insight into the ammonia-detoxification mechanisms in the brain and liver tissues, we have investigated the effects of hyperammonemia in rats, in vivo, on the activity levels of a number of ammonia- and glutamate-metabolizing enzymes in mitochondria and the cytosolic fractions of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum and liver. In general, the ammonia metabolizing enzymes – glutaminase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, AMP deaminase, adenosine deaminase, as well as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase – are differentially upregulated in various brain and liver regions of the hyperammonemic rats, indicating that divergent ammonia-detoxification mechanisms are involved in the various brain regions and liver in acute hyperammonemia.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kosenko A. Elena, A. Tikhonova Lyudmila, Reddy Prakash V., Aliev Gjumrakch and G. Kaminsky Yury, Differential Up-Regulation of Ammonia Detoxifying Enzymes in Cerebral Cortex, Cerebellum, Hippocampus, Striatum and Liver in Hyperammonemia, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2014; 13 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666140806155929
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666140806155929 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Detection and Therapeutic Implications of c-Met Mutations in Small Cell Lung Cancer and Neuroendocrine Tumors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Blockers of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Nitric Oxide-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction - Is there Need to Treat?
Current Vascular Pharmacology The NK-1 Receptor: A New Target in Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Targets Impact of HIV on Regional & Cellular Organisation of the Brain
Current HIV Research Molecular Chaperone ORP150 in ER Stress–related Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunotherapy Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Natural Compounds and Drug Discovery: Can Cnidarian Venom Play a Role?
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry AICD Nuclear Signaling and Its Possible Contribution to Alzheimers Disease
Current Alzheimer Research On the Psychotropic Effects of Carbon Dioxide
Current Pharmaceutical Design Transcriptional Dysregulation: A Therapeutic Target for Polyglutamine Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents Relaxin Receptors - New Drug Targets for Multiple Disease States
Current Drug Targets Calpains: Attractive Targets for the Development of Synthetic Inhibitors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins and the Blood-Brain Barrier: Considerations for Niemann-Pick Disease Type C1
Current Pharmaceutical Design Importance of Aquaporins in the Physiopathology of Brain Edema
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Identification and Characterization of Excitotoxic Nerve-endings in Alzheimer Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Gene and Cell Therapy for Prion Diseases
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide: A Potential Neuroprotective Peptide
Current Pharmaceutical Design Relevance of the Chronobiological and Non-chronobiological Actions of Melatonin for Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Metabotropic Purinergic Receptors in Lipid Membrane Microdomains
Current Medicinal Chemistry