Abstract
An increasing body of evidence shows the importance of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)3 and cognate chemokines (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in the T helper 1 immune response, and in inflammatory diseases such as bowel inflammatory disorders, allograft rejection, thyroid autoimmune disorders, vascular and renal inflammation, and others. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists show a strong inhibitory effect on the expression and production of CXCR3 chemokines in vitro, in various kinds of cells, such as denditric cells, monocytes, macrophages, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, intestinal cells, thyrocytes, fibroblasts, preadypocytes and mesangial cells, and in vivo in animal models. As rosiglitazone has recently been linked to a higher risk of heart failure, stroke, and all-cause mortality in old patients, it has been interrupted from the European market. On the contrary, the safety profile of pioglitazone seems favorable. However, further studies are ongoing to explore the use of new PPAR-γ agonists in the treatment of the above mentioned inflammatory disorders, and many interesting patents have been recently applied.
Keywords: CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCR3, pioglitazone, PPAR-gamma agonists, PPAR-gamma antagonists, rosiglitazone.
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery
Title:Modulatory Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ on CXCR3 Chemokines
Volume: 8 Issue: 2
Author(s): Silvia Martina Ferrari, Alessandro Antonelli, Andrea Di Domenicantonio, Andreina Manfredi, Clodoveo Ferri and Poupak Fallahi
Affiliation:
Keywords: CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCR3, pioglitazone, PPAR-gamma agonists, PPAR-gamma antagonists, rosiglitazone.
Abstract: An increasing body of evidence shows the importance of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)3 and cognate chemokines (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in the T helper 1 immune response, and in inflammatory diseases such as bowel inflammatory disorders, allograft rejection, thyroid autoimmune disorders, vascular and renal inflammation, and others. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists show a strong inhibitory effect on the expression and production of CXCR3 chemokines in vitro, in various kinds of cells, such as denditric cells, monocytes, macrophages, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, intestinal cells, thyrocytes, fibroblasts, preadypocytes and mesangial cells, and in vivo in animal models. As rosiglitazone has recently been linked to a higher risk of heart failure, stroke, and all-cause mortality in old patients, it has been interrupted from the European market. On the contrary, the safety profile of pioglitazone seems favorable. However, further studies are ongoing to explore the use of new PPAR-γ agonists in the treatment of the above mentioned inflammatory disorders, and many interesting patents have been recently applied.
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Cite this article as:
Ferrari Martina Silvia, Antonelli Alessandro, Domenicantonio Di Andrea, Manfredi Andreina, Ferri Clodoveo and Fallahi Poupak, Modulatory Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ on CXCR3 Chemokines, Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery 2014; 8 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872213X08666140623114845
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872213X08666140623114845 |
Print ISSN 1872-213X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-2710 |
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