Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome - 20 Years Later

Title:Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome - 20 Years Later

Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Author(s): Ignasi Rodríguez-Pintó, Gerard Espinosa and Ricard Cervera

Affiliation:

Keywords: Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, antiphospholipid syndrome.

Abstract: The catastrophic variant of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the most severe and acute form of APS with multiorgan involvement. Patients with this condition have the following features in common: a) clinical evidence of multiple organ involvement developed over a very short time period; b) histopathological evidence of multiple small vessel occlusions, and c) laboratory confirmation of the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, usually in high titer.

The two key pathobiologic mechanisms that cause the clinical manifestations of catastrophic APS are the development of thrombosis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. A precipitating factor is reported in more than half of patients.

A combination of anticoagulants, corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins and/or plasma exchanges are the treatment modalities advocated for all patients with this severe condition. Unfortunately, its mortality is still high (around 30%) despite therapy. However relapse is uncommon.

Cite this article as:

Rodríguez-Pintó Ignasi, Espinosa Gerard and Cervera Ricard, Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome - 20 Years Later, Current Rheumatology Reviews 2013; 9 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733971113099990003

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15733971113099990003	Print ISSN 1573-3971
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-6360