Abstract
Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a debilitating manifestation of opioid dependence and responds poorly to the available clinical therapies. Studies from various in vivo and in vitro animal models of opioid withdrawal syndrome have led to understanding of its pathobiology which includes complex interrelated pathways leading to adenylyl cyclase superactivation based central excitation. Advancements in the elucidation of opioid withdrawal syndrome mechanisms have revealed a number of key targets that have been hypothesized to modulate clinical status. The present review discusses the neurobiology of opioid withdrawal syndrome and its therapeutic target recptors like calcitonin gene related peptide receptors (CGRP), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, gamma aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA), G-proteingated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels and calcium channels. The present review further details the potential role of second messengers like calcium (Ca2+) / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), nitric oxide synthase, cytokines, arachidonic acid metabolites, corticotropin releasing factor, fos and src kinases in causing opioid withdrawal syndrome. The exploitation of these targets may provide effective therapeutic agents for the management of opioid dependence-induced abstinence syndrome.
Keywords: Opioid dependence, opioid withdrawal syndrome, adenylyl cyclase superactivation, pharmacological interventions
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: Emerging Concepts and Novel Therapeutic Targets
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Ashish K. Rehni, Amteshwar S. Jaggi and Nirmal Singh
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioid dependence, opioid withdrawal syndrome, adenylyl cyclase superactivation, pharmacological interventions
Abstract: Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a debilitating manifestation of opioid dependence and responds poorly to the available clinical therapies. Studies from various in vivo and in vitro animal models of opioid withdrawal syndrome have led to understanding of its pathobiology which includes complex interrelated pathways leading to adenylyl cyclase superactivation based central excitation. Advancements in the elucidation of opioid withdrawal syndrome mechanisms have revealed a number of key targets that have been hypothesized to modulate clinical status. The present review discusses the neurobiology of opioid withdrawal syndrome and its therapeutic target recptors like calcitonin gene related peptide receptors (CGRP), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, gamma aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA), G-proteingated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels and calcium channels. The present review further details the potential role of second messengers like calcium (Ca2+) / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), nitric oxide synthase, cytokines, arachidonic acid metabolites, corticotropin releasing factor, fos and src kinases in causing opioid withdrawal syndrome. The exploitation of these targets may provide effective therapeutic agents for the management of opioid dependence-induced abstinence syndrome.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
K. Rehni Ashish, S. Jaggi Amteshwar and Singh Nirmal, Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: Emerging Concepts and Novel Therapeutic Targets, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2013; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527311312010017
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527311312010017 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Thioredoxin, Glutathione and Related Molecules in Tumors of the Nervous System
Current Medicinal Chemistry Remodelling of the Ca2+ Toolkit in Tumor Endothelium as a Crucial Responsible for the Resistance to Anticancer Therapies
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Synthesis and Characterization of Two New Thiophene Acetyl Salicylic Acid Esters and their ortho- and para-effect on Anticancer Activity
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Inhibiting the “Undruggable” RAS/Farnesyltransferase (FTase) Cancer Target by Manumycin-related Natural Products
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cancer Gene Therapy through Autonomous Parvovirus - Mediated Gene Transfer
Current Gene Therapy Regulation of Autophagy by Sphingolipids
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry HSV-1-Derived Recombinant and Amplicon Vectors for Gene Transfer and Gene Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Progress in Research of K<sub>V</sub>1.1 and K<sub>V</sub>1.3 Channels as Therapeutic Targets
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Current Concepts for the Combined Treatment Modality of Ionizing Radiation with Anticancer Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design DNA Methyltransferases Inhibitors from Natural Sources
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances in the Use of Metallic Nanoparticles with Antitumoral Action - Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Studies on Chloride Channels and their Modulators
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeted Cancer Therapeutics: Biosynthetic and Energetic Pathways Characterized by Metabolomics and the Interplay with Key Cancer Regulatory Factors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Patents on Novel P2X7 Receptor Antagonists and their Potential for Reducing Central Nervous System Inflammation
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) MicroRNAs in the Intracellular Space, Regulation of Organelle Specific Pathways in Health and Disease
MicroRNA Gene Sets of Gene Ontology are More Stable Diagnostic Biomarkers than Genes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Current Bioinformatics Role of Unani Medicines in Cancer Control and Management
Current Drug Therapy Editorial (Thematic Issue: GPCR-Targeted Drug Development)
Current Drug Targets Cancer-associated Autoantibodies as Biomarkers for Early Detection and Prognosis is Cancer: An Update
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Novel Homeodomain Transcription Factor Nkx2.2 in the Brain Tumor Development
Current Cancer Drug Targets