Abstract
Opioid peptides and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators within the cardiovascular system, implicated in modulation of electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, and cellular stress resistance. The opioid system is also involved in cardiovascular development, adaptation to injury and effects of advanced age. The significant roles of opioids are emphasized by the observation that the heart produces prodynorphin and proenkephalin, which are enzymatically processed from small to large active polypeptides. Indeed, depending on species, cardiac preproenkephalin mRNA levels are comparable to or higher than those found in the central nervous system. This review highlights and discusses current knowledge and recent findings regarding physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the heart and vessels by the opioid receptor system.
Keywords: Opioid peptide, opioid receptor, cardiovascular system, cytoprotection, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, cellular stress resistance.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Cardiovascular Effects of Opioids and their Receptor Systems
Volume: 18 Issue: 37
Author(s): John P. Headrick, Salvatore Pepe and Jason N. Peart
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioid peptide, opioid receptor, cardiovascular system, cytoprotection, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, cellular stress resistance.
Abstract: Opioid peptides and their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators within the cardiovascular system, implicated in modulation of electrophysiological function, heart rate, myocardial inotropy, vascular function, and cellular stress resistance. The opioid system is also involved in cardiovascular development, adaptation to injury and effects of advanced age. The significant roles of opioids are emphasized by the observation that the heart produces prodynorphin and proenkephalin, which are enzymatically processed from small to large active polypeptides. Indeed, depending on species, cardiac preproenkephalin mRNA levels are comparable to or higher than those found in the central nervous system. This review highlights and discusses current knowledge and recent findings regarding physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the heart and vessels by the opioid receptor system.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
P. Headrick John, Pepe Salvatore and N. Peart Jason, Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Cardiovascular Effects of Opioids and their Receptor Systems, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582360
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582360 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Insulin- and Growth Factor-Resistance Impairs Vascular Regeneration in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Vascular Pharmacology Biomarkers Associated with Bleeding Risk in the Setting of Atrial Fibrillation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Adiponectin and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Medicinal Chemistry Advent and Maturation of Regenerative Medicine
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Signaling Epicenters: The Role of Caveolae and Caveolins in Volatile Anesthetic Induced Cardiac Protection
Current Pharmaceutical Design Circadian Rhythm in Cytokines Administration
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry An Increasing Incidence of Treatment Resistance in Hypertension?
Current Drug Therapy Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumours: Pinpointing the Tumours Achilles Heel
Current Pharmaceutical Design Validity of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy as Integrated Medication Form in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Current State of Knowledge, New Developments and Future Directions
Current Cardiology Reviews Younger for Longer: Insulin Signalling, Immunity and Ageing
Current Aging Science Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comprehensive Review
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Development of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer: Current Drug Design Strategies and Future Directions
Current Medicinal Chemistry Potential Treatment of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure by Inhibiting the Sarcolemmal Binding of Phospholipase Cβ1b
Current Drug Targets Drug-induced Inhibition and Trafficking Disruption of ion Channels: Pathogenesis of QT Abnormalities and Drug-induced Fatal Arrhythmias
Current Cardiology Reviews Hypertension and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Current Pharmaceutical Design Management of Cardiogenic Shock due to Thyrotoxicosis: A Systematic Literature Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Mitochondria Damage in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy and in the Metabolic Memory Associated with its Continued Progression
Current Medicinal Chemistry Incremental Value of Two Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Functional Assessment and Characterization of Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Current Cardiology Reviews Toxicology of Trastuzumab: An Insight into Mechanisms of Cardiotoxicity
Current Cancer Drug Targets