Abstract
For the pharmacological treatment of frequency, urgency and/or urge incontinence due to bladder overactivity, anticholinergics have been used as first-choice drugs. However, these drugs can exert severe side effects (accommodation paralysis, constipation, tachycardia, dry mouth and blurred vision) and some patients are refractory to their actions. Thus there is a need for new drug therapies with novel mechanisms of action. β-Adrenoceptors are found in the body of the bladder, where they mediate relaxation of the detrusor muscle. It has been reported that β3-adrenoceptor subtypes are predominantly present in the smooth muscles of bladder and urethra in the pig and human. Recently, β3-adrenoceptors have been reported to predominantly mediate relaxation of the bladder smooth muscle. However, the relaxant effects of β3-adrenoceptor agonists are half of those of (±)isoproterenol, a non-selective - adrenoceptor agonist, and the antagonist affinity of β3-adrenoceptor antagonists varies according to the drugs tested. It has also been suggested that both β2-, and β3-adrenoceptors are involved in relaxation of the human bladder, but the involvement of the β3-adrenoceptor may be greater than that of β2-adrenoceptor. Another possibility is that other -adrenoceptors, possibly β4-adrenoceptor and/or atypical β-adrenoceptors, may coexist and play a functional role in mediating the relaxation of the bladder.
Keywords: β-adrenoceptor, subtype, bladder, smooth muscle, overactive bladder
Current Drug Therapy
Title: Which β-Adrenoceptor Subtypes are Important in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder?
Volume: 2 Issue: 1
Author(s): Tomonori Yamanishi, Takao Kamai, Ryuji Sakakibara, Tomoyuki Uchiyama, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Takashi Ito and Ken-ichiro Yoshida
Affiliation:
Keywords: β-adrenoceptor, subtype, bladder, smooth muscle, overactive bladder
Abstract: For the pharmacological treatment of frequency, urgency and/or urge incontinence due to bladder overactivity, anticholinergics have been used as first-choice drugs. However, these drugs can exert severe side effects (accommodation paralysis, constipation, tachycardia, dry mouth and blurred vision) and some patients are refractory to their actions. Thus there is a need for new drug therapies with novel mechanisms of action. β-Adrenoceptors are found in the body of the bladder, where they mediate relaxation of the detrusor muscle. It has been reported that β3-adrenoceptor subtypes are predominantly present in the smooth muscles of bladder and urethra in the pig and human. Recently, β3-adrenoceptors have been reported to predominantly mediate relaxation of the bladder smooth muscle. However, the relaxant effects of β3-adrenoceptor agonists are half of those of (±)isoproterenol, a non-selective - adrenoceptor agonist, and the antagonist affinity of β3-adrenoceptor antagonists varies according to the drugs tested. It has also been suggested that both β2-, and β3-adrenoceptors are involved in relaxation of the human bladder, but the involvement of the β3-adrenoceptor may be greater than that of β2-adrenoceptor. Another possibility is that other -adrenoceptors, possibly β4-adrenoceptor and/or atypical β-adrenoceptors, may coexist and play a functional role in mediating the relaxation of the bladder.
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Cite this article as:
Yamanishi Tomonori, Kamai Takao, Sakakibara Ryuji, Uchiyama Tomoyuki, Yamamoto Tatsuya, Ito Takashi and Yoshida Ken-ichiro, Which β-Adrenoceptor Subtypes are Important in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder?, Current Drug Therapy 2007; 2 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488507779422329
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488507779422329 |
Print ISSN 1574-8855 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3903 |
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