Abstract
Studies in animals showed that stress is associated with changes in hippocampal function and structure, an effect mediated through decreased neurogenesis, increased glucocorticoids, and/or decreased brain derived neurotrophic factor. Antidepressants and some anticonvulsants block the effects of stress and/or promote neurogenesis in animal studies. Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been shown to have smaller hippocampal volume on magnetic resonance imaging and deficits in hippocampal-based memory. Symptom activation is associated with decreased anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal function, which is proposed as the neural correlate of a failure of extinction seen in these patients. Treatment with antidepressants and phenytoin reverse hippocampal volume reduction and memory deficits in PTSD patients, suggesting that these agents may promote neurogenesis in humans.
Keywords: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), MRI, neuroimaging, memory research, benzodiazepine
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Stress and Brain Atrophy
Volume: 5 Issue: 5
Author(s): J. Douglas Bremner
Affiliation:
Keywords: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), MRI, neuroimaging, memory research, benzodiazepine
Abstract: Studies in animals showed that stress is associated with changes in hippocampal function and structure, an effect mediated through decreased neurogenesis, increased glucocorticoids, and/or decreased brain derived neurotrophic factor. Antidepressants and some anticonvulsants block the effects of stress and/or promote neurogenesis in animal studies. Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been shown to have smaller hippocampal volume on magnetic resonance imaging and deficits in hippocampal-based memory. Symptom activation is associated with decreased anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal function, which is proposed as the neural correlate of a failure of extinction seen in these patients. Treatment with antidepressants and phenytoin reverse hippocampal volume reduction and memory deficits in PTSD patients, suggesting that these agents may promote neurogenesis in humans.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Douglas Bremner J., Stress and Brain Atrophy, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2006; 5 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152706778559309
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152706778559309 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Curative Effects of <i>Dhatryadi ghrita</i> Bioactive Extracts on Ethanol Withdrawal Syndrome in Wistar Rats
Current Bioactive Compounds Use and Safety of Calcium Channel Blockers in Obstetrics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cardioprotective Peptides from Marine Sources
Current Protein & Peptide Science Curcumin: the Yellow Molecule with Pleiotropic Biological Effects
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Physiology of Folic Acid in Health and Disease
Current Drug Metabolism Clinical Applications for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla
Current Cardiology Reviews Statins for Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications
Current Vascular Pharmacology Editorial (Thematic Issue: Angiogenesis in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases)
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as a Novel Measure of Arterial Stiffness: Present Evidences and Perspectives
Current Hypertension Reviews The Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Cardiac Fibrosis
Current Enzyme Inhibition The Role of Size in Development of Mucosal Liposome-Lipopeptide Vaccine Candidates Against Group A Streptococcus
Medicinal Chemistry Developing Stress Assessment forms for Thai Cancer Patients: The Thai Version of the Modified Symptoms of Stress Inventory (Modified SOSI)
Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews The Vectorcardiogram and the Main Dromotropic Disturbances
Current Cardiology Reviews Is the Use of Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetics Evidence-Based? A Systematic Review
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Glucose Blood Levels as a Therapeutic Target in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Setting
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels
Current Pharmaceutical Design Biology of Cholesterol Lowering in Atherosclerotic Plaques
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) The Anti-inflammatory Potential of Selected Plant-derived Compounds in Respiratory Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Menopause and its Cardiometabolic Consequences: Current Perspectives
Current Vascular Pharmacology Effectiveness of Resveratrol Against Cardiovascular Disease
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry