PET Radioligands for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT)

Title: PET Radioligands for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT)

Volume: 10 Issue: 15

Author(s): Nicolas Giboureau, Ian Mat Som, Aurelie Boucher-Arnold, Denis Guilloteau and Michael Kassiou

Affiliation:

Keywords: VAChT, Alzheimer’s disease, benzovesamicol, positron emission tomography, fluorine-18, carbon-11, PET.

Abstract: The vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a glycoprotein responsible for the accumulation of acetylcholine into pre-synaptic vesicules of cholinergic neurons. Cholinergic innervation has been shown to be decreased at the earlier stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the expression of VAChT has been correlated with the severity of the dementia and has been considered as a significant diagnostic target for AD. To this end numerous radioligands based on the vesamicol scaffold have been developed for imaging the VAChT using positron emission tomography (PET). Among the various radioligands only a small number have been evaluated in vivo in non-human primate and human. Despite promising in vitro, ex vivo and first in vivo studies, most of them are unsuitable for clinical use in humans due to poor selectivity over σ receptors, low extraction from the blood, slow brain kinetics or fast metabolism. To date (-)-[11C]OMV (1), (-)-[11C]MABV (2), (-)-[18F]-FEOBV (6), (-)-trans-2-hydroxy-3-(4-(4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl)piperidine) tetralin (8) and [18F]FBMV (12) are promising radioligands for the VAChT, though further validation is required to confirm their clinical usefulness.

Cite this article as:

Giboureau Nicolas, Mat Som Ian, Boucher-Arnold Aurelie, Guilloteau Denis and Kassiou Michael, PET Radioligands for the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT), Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 10 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802610793176846