Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess short- and long-term outcomes of patients hospitalized with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in South Carolina. Patients with a primary diagnosis of ICH (ICD-9-CM code 431) discharged during 2002 were identified in the South Carolina hospital discharge database. Kaplan-Meier estimates of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarct, vascular death, all-cause death, and composite events were calculated at 1 month, 6 months, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years. Age- and race-specific survival curves were plotted. A total of 893 patients were discharged during 2002. Most were Caucasian (CA) (61.4%), followed by African American (AA) (37.4%). The mean age of patients in the AA group was 12 years younger than that of the CA group; of those in the AA group, 63.8% were < 65 years of age, and of those in the CA group, 27.4% were > 65 years of age. Kaplan-Meier estimates of cumulative risk increased with time over the 4-year period after discharge, and the risk of all-cause death was high (∼40%-60%). Survival curves showed that the composite risk of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarct, or vascular death was higher for AA patients < 65 years of age compared to similarly aged CA patients, whereas the risk was higher for CA patients > 65 years of age compared to similar age AA patients. The racial disparity in short- and long-term outcomes for ICH patients < 65 years of age in South Carolina highlights the need for improvements in stroke prevention, particularly among the AA population.
Keywords: Cerebral hemorrhage, death, recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, outcome, south carolina, Caucasian, ICH, myocardial, Intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke belt, CAs, MI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, racial disparity
Current Neurovascular Research
Title: Assessment of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Volume: 9 Issue: 1
Author(s): Chih-Ming Lin and Wayne Feng
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cerebral hemorrhage, death, recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, outcome, south carolina, Caucasian, ICH, myocardial, Intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke belt, CAs, MI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, racial disparity
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess short- and long-term outcomes of patients hospitalized with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in South Carolina. Patients with a primary diagnosis of ICH (ICD-9-CM code 431) discharged during 2002 were identified in the South Carolina hospital discharge database. Kaplan-Meier estimates of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarct, vascular death, all-cause death, and composite events were calculated at 1 month, 6 months, and 1, 2, 3, and 4 years. Age- and race-specific survival curves were plotted. A total of 893 patients were discharged during 2002. Most were Caucasian (CA) (61.4%), followed by African American (AA) (37.4%). The mean age of patients in the AA group was 12 years younger than that of the CA group; of those in the AA group, 63.8% were < 65 years of age, and of those in the CA group, 27.4% were > 65 years of age. Kaplan-Meier estimates of cumulative risk increased with time over the 4-year period after discharge, and the risk of all-cause death was high (∼40%-60%). Survival curves showed that the composite risk of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarct, or vascular death was higher for AA patients < 65 years of age compared to similarly aged CA patients, whereas the risk was higher for CA patients > 65 years of age compared to similar age AA patients. The racial disparity in short- and long-term outcomes for ICH patients < 65 years of age in South Carolina highlights the need for improvements in stroke prevention, particularly among the AA population.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lin Chih-Ming and Feng Wayne, Assessment of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized With Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Current Neurovascular Research 2012; 9 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720212799297065
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720212799297065 |
Print ISSN 1567-2026 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5739 |
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Paclitaxel Efficacy is Increased by Parthenolide via Nuclear Factor- KappaB Pathways in In Vitro and In Vivo Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Models
Current Cancer Drug Targets Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress as a Major Cause of Age- Related Diseases and Cancer
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Anthracyclines: Selected New Developments
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Efficacy of the Newest COX-2 Selective Inhibitors in Rheumatic Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Do Adult Stem Cells Ameliorate the Damaged Myocardium? Human Cord Blood as a Potential Source of Stem Cells
Current Vascular Pharmacology Platelet Biomarkers in Tumor Growth
Current Proteomics Cardiac Amyloid - A Hidden Contributor to Cardiac Dysfunction Following Cardiac Surgery: Case Report and Literature Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Ouabain-Induced Signaling and Cell Survival in SK-N-SH Neuroblastoma Cells Differentiated by Retinoic Acid
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Widespread Anti-Protozoal Action of HIV Aspartic Peptidase Inhibitors: Focus on Plasmodium spp., Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Biomarkers Associated with Atrial Fibrosis and Remodeling
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Comprehensive Systemic Literature Review of Pericardial Decompression Syndrome: Often Unrecognized and Potentially Fatal Syndrome
Current Cardiology Reviews Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Vascular Pharmacology Stem Cell and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Treatment
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy (Iso)Flav(an)ones, Chalcones, Catechins, and Theaflavins as Anticarcinogens: Mechanisms, Anti-Multidrug Resistance and QSAR Studies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Effects of an Acute Treatment with L-Thyroxine on Memory, Habituation, Danger Avoidance, and on Na+, K+-ATPase activity in Rat Brain
Current Neurovascular Research Global Cerebral Ischemia: Synaptic and Cognitive Dysfunction
Current Drug Targets Statins and Oxidative Stress in the Cardiovascular System
Current Pharmaceutical Design <i>In-situ</i> Intestinal Absorption and Pharmacokinetic Investigations of Carvedilol Loaded Supersaturated Self-emulsifying Drug System
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Editorial: [Aliskiren/Amlodipine Single-Pill Combinations: More Evidence in Favour of Combination Formulations for the Treatment of Hypertension]
Current Vascular Pharmacology