Abstract
Since storage of excess fat in peripheral tissues is a contributing factor leading to obesity and type II diabetes, many investigators are studying the key lipid metabolizing enzymes found in adipose tissue as drug targets to reduce excess fat. The availability of cultured cell lines and primary stem cells, preadipocyetes, and adipocytes has facilitated therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting fat storage. This includes developing inhibitors for enzymes regulating lipogenesis in these cells, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, diacylgycerol acyl transferase, and stearoyl CoA desaturase. High level expression of each protein is often used to confirm stem cells have undergone adipogenesis. Inhibition of these enzymes often leads to reduced fat cell fat differentiation and lipid synthesis and may also contribute to increased fat oxidation and energy expenditure. This article reviews developments in pharmaceutical research on these enzymes, with particular emphasis on the role of the enzymes in adipose tissue metabolism.
Keywords: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, adipogenesis, adipocytes, diabetes, fatty acid synthase, diacylgycerol acyl transferase, obesity, stearoyl CoA desaturase
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Lipogenic Enzymes as Therapeutic Targets for Obesity and Diabetes
Volume: 17 Issue: 4
Author(s): James M. Lenhard
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, adipogenesis, adipocytes, diabetes, fatty acid synthase, diacylgycerol acyl transferase, obesity, stearoyl CoA desaturase
Abstract: Since storage of excess fat in peripheral tissues is a contributing factor leading to obesity and type II diabetes, many investigators are studying the key lipid metabolizing enzymes found in adipose tissue as drug targets to reduce excess fat. The availability of cultured cell lines and primary stem cells, preadipocyetes, and adipocytes has facilitated therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting fat storage. This includes developing inhibitors for enzymes regulating lipogenesis in these cells, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, diacylgycerol acyl transferase, and stearoyl CoA desaturase. High level expression of each protein is often used to confirm stem cells have undergone adipogenesis. Inhibition of these enzymes often leads to reduced fat cell fat differentiation and lipid synthesis and may also contribute to increased fat oxidation and energy expenditure. This article reviews developments in pharmaceutical research on these enzymes, with particular emphasis on the role of the enzymes in adipose tissue metabolism.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
M. Lenhard James, Lipogenic Enzymes as Therapeutic Targets for Obesity and Diabetes, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211795164185
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211795164185 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pharmacophores for Ligand Recognition and Activation / Inactivation of the Cannabinoid Receptors
Current Pharmaceutical Design Gene Therapy for Brain Cancer: Combination Therapies Provide Enhanced Efficacy and Safety
Current Gene Therapy Current Drug Targets for Antihyperlipidemic Therapy
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Skin Tests in the Diagnosis of Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Current Pharmaceutical Design Roles of NHERF1/EBP50 in Cancer
Current Molecular Medicine Development of Radioligands for In Vivo Imaging of Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptors (CB1) in Human Brain
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of FK506 Binding Proteins in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Chondroitin Sulphate for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents NPY Receptors as Drug Targets for the Central Regulation of Body Weight
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Antibody-Drug Conjugate Targets
Current Cancer Drug Targets CB1 Cannabinoid Antagonists: Structure-Activity Relationships and Potential Therapeutic Applications
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological and Cellular Therapies to Prevent Restenosis after Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cellular and Network Mechanisms Underlying Memory Impairment Induced by Amyloid β Protein
Protein & Peptide Letters Immunotherapeutic Approaches in MS: Update on Pathophysiology and Emerging Agents or Strategies 2006
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Sphingolipid Rheostat: A Potential Target for Improving Pancreatic Islet Survival and Function
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) in Human Disease, Implications for Design of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Based Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Strategies for Targeting Lentiviral Vectors
Current Gene Therapy The Role of Trophoblast Nutrient and Ion Transporters in the Development of Pregnancy Complications and Adult Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Impact of Methodology and Confounding Variables on the Association Between Major Depression and Coronary Heart Disease: Review and Recommendations
Current Psychiatry Reviews Infectious Burden: A New Risk Factor and Treatment Target for Atherosclerosis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets