Protective Effect of Natural Antioxidants on Heart Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Damage

Yan      Zhao; Baolu      Zhao

doi:10.2174/138920110793262105

Abstract

The incidence and mortality of heart disease are the highest among all diseases all over the world, and are still increasing with a world wide rise in living standards. To find effective treatments for prevention and curing heart disease, it is important to understand the mechanisms behind the cause and the development of the disease. Increasing evidences have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play important roles in the initiation and progression of heart disease. The potential of using antioxidants, especially the natural antioxidants, in preventing and curing the disease has attracted enormous interest. In this paper we reviewed the progress made in understanding the oxidative stress caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and the cardioprotective effect of natural antioxidants against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Keywords: Heart disease, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion, free radicals, natural antioxidants, ischemiareperfusion, antioxidants, cardioprotective effect, hydroxyl radical (OH), superoxide free radical, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), xanthine, lipid metabolism, Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), EPR spectroscopy, superoxide dismutase (SOD), 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), spectrometer, hemoglobin (Hb), myocardium, chronic transverse aortic constriction (TAC), nitrotyrosine, peroxynitrite, hypertrophy, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARS), hypoxia-reoxygenation, cytotoxicity, salvia miltiorriza, Ginkgo biloba, rhizoma anemarhenea, Tanshinone, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, sulphonate (STS), Adriamycin (ADR), endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), ventricular arrhythmias, apoptotic, necrotic cell, hypoxia