Abstract
Drug-induced photoirritation can be defined as an inflammatory reaction of the skin after topical or systemic administration of pharmaceutical substances. In many cases of drug-induced phototoxicity, skin reactions can be triggered by doses of sunlight regarded as harmless and most often in the ultraviolet A (320 – 400 nm). Several classes of drugs including antibacterials, thiazide diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, quinolones, and tricyclic antidepressants, even though nontoxic by themselves, may become reactive under exposure to environmental light, leading to undesired side effects. At least three types of drug-induced phototoxic skin reactions, including the photoirritant, photogenotoxic and photoallergic skin responses, have been recognized, and their mechanisms and pathologic features are quite different. The development of effective methodology to evaluate the photochemical/biological properties has been attempted over the past few years, since it would be a key consideration to predict and avoid the phototoxic risk in the early phase of the drug discovery process. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical features, pathogenesis and photochemical characteristics of drug-induced phototoxicity, and the current developments in research tools for predicting phototoxic potential of new drug entities are also addressed.
Keywords: Phototoxicity, photoirritation, photoallergy, photogenotoxicity, reactive oxygen species
Current Drug Safety
Title: Drug-Induced Phototoxicity; An Early In Vitro Identification of Phototoxic Potential of New Drug Entities in Drug Discovery and Development
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): Satomi Onoue, Yoshiki Seto, Graham Gandy and Shizuo Yamada
Affiliation:
Keywords: Phototoxicity, photoirritation, photoallergy, photogenotoxicity, reactive oxygen species
Abstract: Drug-induced photoirritation can be defined as an inflammatory reaction of the skin after topical or systemic administration of pharmaceutical substances. In many cases of drug-induced phototoxicity, skin reactions can be triggered by doses of sunlight regarded as harmless and most often in the ultraviolet A (320 – 400 nm). Several classes of drugs including antibacterials, thiazide diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, quinolones, and tricyclic antidepressants, even though nontoxic by themselves, may become reactive under exposure to environmental light, leading to undesired side effects. At least three types of drug-induced phototoxic skin reactions, including the photoirritant, photogenotoxic and photoallergic skin responses, have been recognized, and their mechanisms and pathologic features are quite different. The development of effective methodology to evaluate the photochemical/biological properties has been attempted over the past few years, since it would be a key consideration to predict and avoid the phototoxic risk in the early phase of the drug discovery process. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical features, pathogenesis and photochemical characteristics of drug-induced phototoxicity, and the current developments in research tools for predicting phototoxic potential of new drug entities are also addressed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Onoue Satomi, Seto Yoshiki, Gandy Graham and Yamada Shizuo, Drug-Induced Phototoxicity; An Early In Vitro Identification of Phototoxic Potential of New Drug Entities in Drug Discovery and Development, Current Drug Safety 2009; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488609788173044
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488609788173044 |
Print ISSN 1574-8863 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3911 |

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Gene Expression and Behavior Analysis of PC12 Cells Grown on Synthetic Biodegradable Fibrous Membranes Coated with Natural Biopolymers
Current Nanoscience Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Animal and Human Gestation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia: The Role of the Wnt Pathways
Current Neuropharmacology Molecular and Cellular Activities of Vitamin E Analogues
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Aptamers in Targeted Nanotherapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The CXCR4/SDF-1 Chemokine Axis: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Bone Metastases?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Microarrays and Colon Cancer in the Road for Translational Medicine
Current Bioinformatics A Novel Method for Screening of Anti-Cancer Drugs: Availability of Screening in Acidic Medium
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Prediction of Disease-Related Genes Based on Hybrid Features
Current Proteomics The Effects of the Endocrine Disruptors Dithiocarbamates on the Mammalian Ovary with Particular Regard to Mancozeb
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Mechanism in Gastric Cancer Chemoprevention by Allicin
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Cyanopyridines, Pyridopyrazolopyrimidines and Pyridopyrazolotriazines as Potential Anticancer Agents
Current Organic Synthesis On the Nature of the Tumor-Initiating Cell
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Inhibition of Intercellular Communication between Prostate Cancer Cells by A Specific Anti-STEAP-1 Single Chain Antibody
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Proteomics in the Discovery of New Therapeutic Targets for Psychiatric Disease
Current Molecular Medicine Anticancer Potential of Ginger: Mechanistic and Pharmaceutical Aspects
Current Pharmaceutical Design Baicalin-induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Multidrug-resistant MC3/5FU Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Cell Line
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery γ-Secretase Inhibitors and Modulators for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Disappointments and Hopes
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Agents Targeting Bioactive Sphingolipids for the Treatment of Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Dendritic Cells for Active Anti-Cancer Immunotherapy: Targeting Activation Pathways Through Genetic Modification
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets