Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Research Article

LSTM-SAGDTA: Predicting Drug-target Binding Affinity with an Attention Graph Neural Network and LSTM Approach

Author(s): Wenjing Qiu, Qianle Liang, Liyi Yu, Xuan Xiao, Wangren Qiu and Weizhong Lin*

Volume 30, Issue 6, 2024

Published on: 07 February, 2024

Page: [468 - 476] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/0113816128282837240130102817

open access plus

Abstract

Introduction: Drug development is a challenging and costly process, yet it plays a crucial role in improving healthcare outcomes. Drug development requires extensive research and testing to meet the demands for economic efficiency, cures, and pain relief.

Methods: Drug development is a vital research area that necessitates innovation and collaboration to achieve significant breakthroughs. Computer-aided drug design provides a promising avenue for drug discovery and development by reducing costs and improving the efficiency of drug design and testing.

Results: In this study, a novel model, namely LSTM-SAGDTA, capable of accurately predicting drug-target binding affinity, was developed. We employed SeqVec for characterizing the protein and utilized the graph neural networks to capture information on drug molecules. By introducing self-attentive graph pooling, the model achieved greater accuracy and efficiency in predicting drug-target binding affinity.

Conclusion: Moreover, LSTM-SAGDTA obtained superior accuracy over current state-of-the-art methods only by using less training time. The results of experiments suggest that this method represents a highprecision solution for the DTA predictor.

[1]
Davis MI, Hunt JP, Herrgard S, et al. Comprehensive analysis of kinase inhibitor selectivity. Nat Biotechnol 2011; 29(11): 1046-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1990] [PMID: 22037378]
[2]
Mullard A. New drugs cost US$2.6 billion to develop. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13(12): 877-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd4507] [PMID: 25435204]
[3]
Cohen P. Protein kinases - the major drug targets of the twenty-first century? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002; 1(4): 309-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd773] [PMID: 12120282]
[4]
Deshpande M, Kuramochi M, Wale N, Karypis G. Frequent substructure-based approaches for classifying chemical compounds. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 2005; 17(8): 1036-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2005.127]
[5]
Gu R, Wu F, Huang Z. Role of computer-aided drug design in drug development. Molecules 2023; 28(20): 7160.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28207160] [PMID: 37894639]
[6]
Seo S, Youn W. PharmacoNet: Accelerating large-scale virtual screening by deep pharmacophore modeling. arXiv:231000681 2023.
[7]
Chu Y, Kaushik AC, Wang X, et al. DTI-CDF: A cascade deep forest model towards the prediction of drug-target interactions based on hybrid features. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22(1): 451-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbz152] [PMID: 31885041]
[8]
Keiser MJ, Setola V, Irwin JJ, et al. Predicting new molecular targets for known drugs. Nature 2009; 462(7270): 175-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08506] [PMID: 19881490]
[9]
Hughes JP, Rees S, Kalindjian SB, Philpott KL. Principles of early drug discovery. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162(6): 1239-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01127.x] [PMID: 21091654]
[10]
Salo-Ahen OMH, Alanko I, Bhadane R, et al. Molecular dynamics simulations in drug discovery and pharmaceutical development. Processes 2020; 9(1): 71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010071]
[11]
Kairys V, Baranauskiene L, Kazlauskiene M, Matulis D, Kazlauskas E. Binding affinity in drug design: Experimental and computational techniques. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14(8): 755-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17460441.2019.1623202] [PMID: 31146609]
[12]
Lang PT, Brozell SR, Mukherjee S, et al. DOCK 6: Combining techniques to model RNA-small molecule complexes. RNA 2009; 15(6): 1219-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.1563609] [PMID: 19369428]
[13]
Morris GM, Huey R, Lindstrom W, et al. AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: Automated docking with selective receptor flexibility. J Comput Chem 2009; 30(16): 2785-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21256] [PMID: 19399780]
[14]
Hartshorn MJ, Verdonk ML, Chessari G, et al. Diverse, high-quality test set for the validation of protein-ligand docking performance. J Med Chem 2007; 50(4): 726-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm061277y] [PMID: 17300160]
[15]
Cichonska A, Ravikumar B, Parri E, et al. Computational-experimental approach to drug-target interaction mapping: A case study on kinase inhibitors. PLOS Comput Biol 2017; 13(8): e1005678.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005678] [PMID: 28787438]
[16]
He T, Heidemeyer M, Ban F, Cherkasov A, Ester M. SimBoost: A read-across approach for predicting drug-target binding affinities using gradient boosting machines. J Cheminform 2017; 9(1): 24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13321-017-0209-z] [PMID: 29086119]
[17]
Thafar M, Raies AB, Albaradei S, Essack M, Bajic VB. Comparison study of computational prediction tools for drug-target binding affinities. Front Chem 2019; 7(7): 782.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00782] [PMID: 31824921]
[18]
Tang B, Pan Z, Yin K, Khateeb A. Recent advances of deep learning in bioinformatics and computational biology. Front Genet 2019; 10(10): 214.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00214] [PMID: 30972100]
[19]
Öztürk H, Özgür A, Ozkirimli E. DeepDTA: Deep drug-target binding affinity prediction. Bioinformatics 2018; 34(17): i821-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty593] [PMID: 30423097]
[20]
Tang J, Szwajda A, Shakyawar S, et al. Making sense of large-scale kinase inhibitor bioactivity data sets: A comparative and integrative analysis. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54(3): 735-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci400709d] [PMID: 24521231]
[21]
Öztürk H, Ozkirimli E, Özgür A. WideDTA: Prediction of drug-target binding affinity. arXiv: Quantitative Methods 2019; 1902.04166.
[22]
Woźniak M, Wołos A, Modrzyk U, et al. Linguistic measures of chemical diversity and the “keywords” of molecular collections. Sci Rep 2018; 8(1): 7598.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25440-6] [PMID: 29765058]
[23]
Sigrist CJA, Cerutti L, de Castro E, et al. PROSITE, a protein domain database for functional characterization and annotation. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38(S1): D161-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp885] [PMID: 19858104]
[24]
Karimi M, Wu D, Wang Z, Shen Y. DeepAffinity: Interpretable deep learning of compound-protein affinity through unified recurrent and convolutional neural networks. Bioinformatics 2019; 35(18): 3329-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz111] [PMID: 30768156]
[25]
Weininger D. SMILES, a chemical language and information system. 1. Introduction to methodology and encoding rules. J Chem Inf Comput Sci 1988; 28(1): 31-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci00057a005]
[26]
Sutskever I, Vinyals O, Le QV. Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Montreal, Canada. 2014; pp. 3104-12.
[27]
Zhao L, Wang J, Pang L, Liu Y, Zhang J. GANsDTA: Predicting drug-target binding affinity using GANs. Front Genet 2020; 10: 1243.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.01243] [PMID: 31993067]
[28]
Kalemati M, Emani ZM, Koohi S. BiComp-DTA: Drug-target binding affinity prediction through complementary biological-related and compression-based featurization approach. PLOS Comput Biol 2023; 19(3): e1011036.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011036] [PMID: 37000857]
[29]
Zhang H, Saravanan KM, Zhang JZH. DeepBindGCN: Integrating molecular vector representation with graph convolutional neural networks for protein-ligand interaction prediction. Molecules 2023; 28(12): 4691.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124691] [PMID: 37375246]
[30]
Son J, Kim D. Development of a graph convolutional neural network model for efficient prediction of protein-ligand binding affinities. PLoS One 2021; 16(4): e0249404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249404] [PMID: 33831016]
[31]
Xia Y, Xia CQ, Pan X, Shen HB. GraphBind: Protein structural context embedded rules learned by hierarchical graph neural networks for recognizing nucleic-acid-binding residues. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49(9): e51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab044] [PMID: 33577689]
[32]
Dubourg-Felonneau G. Improving protein subcellular localization prediction with structural prediction & graph neural networks. bioRxiv 2022.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.29.518403]
[33]
Cai J, Wang T, Deng X, Tang L, Liu L. GM-lncLoc: LncRNAs subcellular localization prediction based on graph neural network with meta-learning. BMC Genomics 2023; 24(1): 52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-09034-1] [PMID: 36709266]
[34]
Nguyen T, Le H, Quinn TP, Nguyen T, Le TD, Venkatesh S. GraphDTA: predicting drug-target binding affinity with graph neural networks. Bioinformatics 2021; 37(8): 1140-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa921] [PMID: 33119053]
[35]
Kipf T, Welling M. Semi-supervised classification with graph convolutional networks. ArXiv 2016; abs/160902907 2016.
[36]
Veličković P. Graph attention networks. International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR).
[37]
Xu K, Weihua H, Leskovec J. How powerful are graph neural networks? arXiv preprint arXiv:181000826 2018.
[38]
Lin X. DeepGS: Deep representation learning of graphs and sequences for drug-target binding affinity prediction. ArXiv abs/200313902 2020.
[39]
Asgari E, Mofrad MRK. Continuous distributed representation of biological sequences for deep proteomics and genomics. PLoS One 2015; 10(11): e0141287.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141287] [PMID: 26555596]
[40]
Quan Z. A system for learning atoms based on long short-term memory recurrent neural networks. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM).
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BIBM.2018.8621313]
[41]
Vaswani A, Shazeer N, Parmar N. Attention is all you need. Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Long Beach, California, USA . 2017; pp. 6000-10.
[42]
Xiong Z, Wang D, Liu X, et al. Pushing the boundaries of molecular representation for drug discovery with graph attention mechanism. J Med Chem 2020; 63(16): 8749-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00959] [PMID: 31408336]
[43]
Zhao Q, Xiao F, Yang M. AttentionDTA: Prediction of drug-target binding affinity using attention model. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM).
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BIBM47256.2019.8983125]
[44]
Lim J, Ryu S, Park K, Choe YJ, Ham J, Kim WY. Predicting drug-target interaction using a novel graph neural network with 3D structure-embedded graph representation. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59(9): 3981-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00387] [PMID: 31443612]
[45]
Lee J, Lee I, Kang J. Self-attention graph pooling. In: Kamalika C, Ruslan S, Eds. Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning. 2019; pp. 3734-43.
[46]
Liu C, Zhan Y, Yu B, et al. On exploring node-feature and graph-structure diversities for node drop graph pooling. Neural Netw 2023; 167: 559-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2023.08.046] [PMID: 37696073]
[47]
Zhang S, Wang J, Yu S, et al. An explainable deep learning framework for characterizing and interpreting human brain states. Med Image Anal 2023; 83: 102665.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2022.102665] [PMID: 36370512]
[48]
Zhang S, Wang R, Wang J, et al. Differentiate preterm and term infant brains and characterize the corresponding biomarkers via DICCCOL-based multi-modality graph neural networks. Front Neurosci 2022; 16: 951508.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.951508] [PMID: 36312010]
[49]
Wang R, Fang X, Lu Y, Yang CY, Wang S. The PDBbind database: Methodologies and updates. J Med Chem 2005; 48(12): 4111-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm048957q] [PMID: 15943484]
[50]
Wang R, Fang X, Lu Y, Wang S. The PDBbind database: Collection of binding affinities for protein-ligand complexes with known three-dimensional structures. J Med Chem 2004; 47(12): 2977-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm030580l] [PMID: 15163179]
[51]
Kinjo AR, Bekker GJ, Suzuki H, et al. Protein Data Bank Japan (PDBj): Updated user interfaces, resource description framework, analysis tools for large structures. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45(D1): D282-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw962] [PMID: 27789697]
[52]
Smith TF, Waterman MS. Identification of common molecular subsequences. J Mol Biol 1981; 147(1): 195-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(81)90087-5] [PMID: 7265238]
[53]
Zdrazil B, Felix E, Hunter F, et al. The ChEMBL Database in 2023: A drug discovery platform spanning multiple bioactivity data types and time periods. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52(D1): D1180-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkad1004] [PMID: 37933841]
[54]
Mendez D, Gaulton A, Bento AP, et al. ChEMBL: Towards direct deposition of bioassay data. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47(D1): D930-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky1075] [PMID: 30398643]
[55]
Gaulton A, Hersey A, Nowotka M, et al. The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45(D1): D945-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw1074] [PMID: 27899562]
[56]
Gaulton A, Bellis LJ, Bento AP, et al. ChEMBL: A large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40(D1): D1100-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr777] [PMID: 21948594]
[57]
Davies M, Nowotka M, Papadatos G, et al. ChEMBL web services: Streamlining access to drug discovery data and utilities. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43(W1): W612-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv352] [PMID: 25883136]
[58]
Bento AP, Gaulton A, Hersey A, et al. The ChEMBL bioactivity database: An update. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42(D1): D1083-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt1031] [PMID: 24214965]
[59]
Szklarczyk D, Santos A, von Mering C, Jensen LJ, Bork P, Kuhn M. STITCH 5: Augmenting protein-chemical interaction networks with tissue and affinity data. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44(D1): D380-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv1277] [PMID: 26590256]
[60]
Kuhn M, Szklarczyk D, Pletscher-Frankild S, et al. STITCH 4: Integration of protein-chemical interactions with user data. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42(D1): D401-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt1207] [PMID: 24293645]
[61]
Kuhn M, Szklarczyk D, Franceschini A, von Mering C, Jensen LJ, Bork P. STITCH 3: Zooming in on protein-chemical interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40(D1): D876-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr1011] [PMID: 22075997]
[62]
Kuhn M, Szklarczyk D, Franceschini A, et al. STITCH 2: An interaction network database for small molecules and proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38(S1): D552-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp937] [PMID: 19897548]
[63]
Kuhn M, von Mering C, Campillos M, Jensen LJ, Bork P. STITCH: Interaction networks of chemicals and proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36(Database issue): D684-8.
[PMID: 18084021]
[64]
Wang YB, You ZH, Yang S, Yi HC, Chen ZH, Zheng K. A deep learning-based method for drug-target interaction prediction based on long short-term memory neural network. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020; 20(S2): 49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1052-0] [PMID: 32183788]
[65]
RDKit: Open-source cheminformatics. Available from: https://www.rdkit.org
[66]
Heinzinger M, Elnaggar A, Wang Y, et al. Modeling aspects of the language of life through transfer-learning protein sequences. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20(1): 723.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-3220-8] [PMID: 31847804]
[67]
Hirohara M, Saito Y, Koda Y, Sato K, Sakakibara Y. Convolutional neural network based on SMILES representation of compounds for detecting chemical motif. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19(S19): 526.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-018-2523-5] [PMID: 30598075]
[68]
Peters ME. Deep Contextualized Word Representations. New Orleans, Louisiana: Association for Computational Linguistics 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/N18-1202]
[69]
Kim Y. Character-aware neural language models. Proceedings of the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Phoenix, Arizona. 2016; pp. 2741-9.
[70]
Hochreiter S, Schmidhuber J. Long short-term memory. Neural Comput 1997; 9(8): 1735-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735] [PMID: 9377276]
[71]
Ramsundar B. Deep Learning for the Life Sciences: Applying Deep Learning to Genomics. Microscopy, Drug Discovery, and More 2019.
[72]
Gönen M, Heller G. Concordance probability and discriminatory power in proportional hazards regression. Biometrika 2005; 92(4): 965-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/92.4.965]
[73]
Yuan W, Chen G, Chen CYC. FusionDTA: Attention-based feature polymerizer and knowledge distillation for drug-target binding affinity prediction. Brief Bioinf 2022; 23(1): bbab506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbab506] [PMID: 34929738]
[74]
Jiang M, Li Z, Zhang S, et al. Drug-target affinity prediction using graph neural network and contact maps. RSC Advances 2020; 10(35): 20701-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0RA02297G] [PMID: 35517730]

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version617msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[20:56:28] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[20:56:28] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[20:56:28] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[20:56:28] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[20:56:28] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (196ms)time
  • Application (421ms)time
  • 1 x Application (68.22%)
    421ms
    1 x Booting (31.77%)
    196ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    31 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 27 unique. Show only duplicated303ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('309686912','',1,1740776188,1740776188) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740776188
      1.41msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('309686912','/article/138368',1,1740776188,1740776188)
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309686912 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309686912) limit 1
      21.31msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 309686912
      • 1: 309686912
      • 2: 309686912
      • 3: 309686912
      • 4: 309686912
      • 5: 309686912
      • 6: 309686912
      • 7: 309686912
      • 8: 309686912
      • 9: 309686912
      • 10: 309686912
      • 11: 309686912
      • 12: 309686912
      • 13: 309686912
      • 14: 309686912
      • 15: 309686912
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=138368
      1.28msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 29 limit 1
      1.15msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 29
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and sj.journal_id!=29 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.47msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and sj.journal_id!=29 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      1.25msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.68msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '138368'
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 138368
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '138368'
      36.23msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 138368
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '138368' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      27.89msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 138368
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      770μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 29 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      62.72msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 29 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      58.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 29 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      59.4msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 138368 limit 1
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 138368
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 138368 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 226762 limit 1
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 226762
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CPD' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      970μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CPD
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '138368' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      13.39msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '468' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 13125 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      760μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 468
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '476' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 13125 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 476
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 138368 limit 1
      4.09msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 138368
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 29 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740776188 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740776188 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.7msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 29
      • 3: 1740776188
      • 4: 1740776188
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 29 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740776188 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740776188 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.62msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 29
      • 3: 1740776188
      • 4: 1740776188
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='f58fe71e2e0c08b002e1e6d709c45d91'
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:291
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        GKOcCH98sOyaqXMfkSuP9sjvPt4FHD0qsqvtEl8e
        uc_cart_id
        f58fe71e2e0c08b002e1e6d709c45d91
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/138368" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/138368
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IndpbjZwNVVuYWZoRVZHQ2dsNmUzRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNW4vYjNzTVhJVzRVOWU5c2piTGN5aGYvUUw1UXhFcWh2Q2lJUDh1emhmND0iLCJtYWMiOiI2YmQ3NGY0MzBjZmUzNWNjZGRkM2UwZjk1MWM1YmMxN2NjNDFkNGYwNzI5YmQyZGEzMmMxMjgzZDJmYzJlM2Y5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IndpbjZwNVVuYWZoRVZHQ2dsNmUzRmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiNW4vYjNzTVhJVzRVOWU5c2piTGN5aGYvUUw1UXhFcWh2Q2lJUDh1emhmND0iLCJtYWMiOiI2YmQ3NGY0MzBjZmUz" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Fri, 28 Feb 2025 20:56:28 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlRPWTA1UHphY2hvSEFiY2VweVdKeXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1ZvTkFYZGM2aE0zUzhPZVRjUTQwTVpTRS85R296NTNwb0RKNDZsazRZUFRVeitod0htYnV2ODdNL1JMTldvOFNJbzFBMkZXZmprY1ZjQ1pvVk9QbnczYlZKZ2h2VFVBMVo5U3hSMTNxc0NCcDlxcXBvbnNCVzhLSnp3dEdjVXEiLCJtYWMiOiJiNWI5N2QyY2ZkM2MzNmYwZTk1ZmEzYjExZmE3MDJlMjJkZDhkMjNlOGU4N2QwMDBmNjdjZTJiMmNkNDVkMzRiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 03 Mar 2025 08:56:28 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlRPWTA1UHphY2hvSEFiY2VweVdKeXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1ZvTkFYZGM2aE0zUzhPZVRjUTQwTVpTRS85R296NTNwb0RKNDZsazRZUFRVeitod0htYnV2ODdNL1JMTldvOFNJbzFBM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IklFdjR0TXdPeHgraldXUUpCNmdoeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiREtpSW1wcmRoNUp0YUhORlJkYjY3RHBDcTQ1bTgyV1dubDBsdkg1NzFVcTBBSFN5NitEcHM1TG5uODBaWDFEczk3OEcxNlkzSm9YcURRU3FuWkRsQ0dIWmlJNDIrTWVRU3owejFRdFZWZE5lQ2Y0bU9ab0N2akN3SkJBNjBEVk0iLCJtYWMiOiJjN2UyZDhiMGJiM2VhNGQ4NTBmYzYxNzBkMTc5MjcxZjY5ODlhNmZjYmY5NDQzOTBhNzU0ZDg1MjU1MmIzMmI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IklFdjR0TXdPeHgraldXUUpCNmdoeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiREtpSW1wcmRoNUp0YUhORlJkYjY3RHBDcTQ1bTgyV1dubDBsdkg1NzFVcTBBSFN5NitEcHM1TG5" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlRPWTA1UHphY2hvSEFiY2VweVdKeXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1ZvTkFYZGM2aE0zUzhPZVRjUTQwTVpTRS85R296NTNwb0RKNDZsazRZUFRVeitod0htYnV2ODdNL1JMTldvOFNJbzFBMkZXZmprY1ZjQ1pvVk9QbnczYlZKZ2h2VFVBMVo5U3hSMTNxc0NCcDlxcXBvbnNCVzhLSnp3dEdjVXEiLCJtYWMiOiJiNWI5N2QyY2ZkM2MzNmYwZTk1ZmEzYjExZmE3MDJlMjJkZDhkMjNlOGU4N2QwMDBmNjdjZTJiMmNkNDVkMzRiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 03-Mar-2025 08:56:28 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlRPWTA1UHphY2hvSEFiY2VweVdKeXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQ1ZvTkFYZGM2aE0zUzhPZVRjUTQwTVpTRS85R296NTNwb0RKNDZsazRZUFRVeitod0htYnV2ODdNL1JMTldvOFNJbzFBM" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IklFdjR0TXdPeHgraldXUUpCNmdoeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiREtpSW1wcmRoNUp0YUhORlJkYjY3RHBDcTQ1bTgyV1dubDBsdkg1NzFVcTBBSFN5NitEcHM1TG5uODBaWDFEczk3OEcxNlkzSm9YcURRU3FuWkRsQ0dIWmlJNDIrTWVRU3owejFRdFZWZE5lQ2Y0bU9ab0N2akN3SkJBNjBEVk0iLCJtYWMiOiJjN2UyZDhiMGJiM2VhNGQ4NTBmYzYxNzBkMTc5MjcxZjY5ODlhNmZjYmY5NDQzOTBhNzU0ZDg1MjU1MmIzMmI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IklFdjR0TXdPeHgraldXUUpCNmdoeEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiREtpSW1wcmRoNUp0YUhORlJkYjY3RHBDcTQ1bTgyV1dubDBsdkg1NzFVcTBBSFN5NitEcHM1TG5" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "GKOcCH98sOyaqXMfkSuP9sjvPt4FHD0qsqvtEl8e" "uc_cart_id" => "f58fe71e2e0c08b002e1e6d709c45d91" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/138368" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-28 20:56:28GET/article/138368514311