Local and Remote Chemogenetic Suppression of Hippocampal Seizures in Rats

Title:Local and Remote Chemogenetic Suppression of Hippocampal Seizures in Rats

Volume: 22 Issue: 13

Author(s): Donghong Li, Xi Yan, Yue Xing, Jiaqing Yan, Junling Wang, Herui Zhang, Jiaoyang Wang, Xiaonan Li, Zhumin Su, Horace Hao Loh, Xiaofeng Yang*Xiaohong Chen*

Affiliation:

• Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

• Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Abstract:

Background: Innovative treatments of refractory epilepsy are widely desired, for which chemogenetic technology can provide region- and cell-type-specific modulation with relative noninvasiveness.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the specific applications of chemogenetics for locally and remotely networks controlling hippocampal seizures.

Methods: A virus coding for a modified human Gi-coupled M4 muscarinic receptor (hM4Di) on pyramidal cells was injected into either the right hippocampal CA3 or the bilateral anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) in rats. After one month, seizures were induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) injection into the right CA3. Simultaneously, clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) (2.5 mg/kg) or clozapine (0.1 mg/kg), the specific ligands acting on hM4Di, were injected intraperitoneally. We also set up hM4Di control and clozapine control groups to eliminate the influence of viral transfection and the ligand alone on the experimental results.

Results: For both local and remote controls, the mean seizure duration was significantly reduced upon ligand application in the experimental groups. Seizure frequency, on the other hand, only showed a significant decrease in local control, with a lower frequency in the clozapine group than in the CNO group. Both the effects of CNO and clozapine were time-dependent, and clozapine was faster than CNO in local seizure control.

Conclusion: This study shows the potency of chemogenetics to attenuate hippocampal seizures locally or remotely by activating the transfected hM4Di receptor with CNO or clozapine. ANT is suggested as a potentially safe chemogenetic application target in the epileptic network for focal hippocampal seizures.

Cite this article as:

Li Donghong, Yan Xi, Xing Yue, Yan Jiaqing, Wang Junling, Zhang Herui, Wang Jiaoyang, Li Xiaonan, Su Zhumin, Loh Hao Horace, Yang Xiaofeng*, Chen Xiaohong*, Local and Remote Chemogenetic Suppression of Hippocampal Seizures in Rats, Current Neuropharmacology 2024; 22 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X22999240131122455