Crocin-loaded Niosomal Nanoparticles Reversing Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in HEK293 Cell Line Exposed to Paraquat: An In vitro Study

Title:Crocin-loaded Niosomal Nanoparticles Reversing Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in HEK293 Cell Line Exposed to Paraquat: An In vitro Study

Volume: 12

Author(s): Akram Oftadeh Harsin, Sajjad Makhdoomi, Meysam Soliemani, Farzin Firozian, Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi and Akram Ranjbar*

Affiliation:

• Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

Abstract: Background: Paraquat (PQ) is an effective herbicide which is widely used around the world to remove weeds in agriculture. As a water-soluble carotenoid, crocin is a pharmacologically active constituent of C. sativus L. (saffron).

Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the effects of crocin-loaded niosomes (Cro-NIO) compared to free crocin on PQ-induced toxicity in the eukaryotic human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line.

Methods: The Cro-NIO was synthesized and characterized. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay in PQ-exposed HEK293 cell lines. The activities of biochemical markers were quantitatively determined to reveal the potential mechanism of PQ-induced oxidative stress in HEK293 cell line.

Results: The particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), DL, and EE of Cro-NIO were 145.4 ± 19.5 nm, -22.3 ± 3.11 mV, 0.3 ± 0.03, 1.74 ± 0.01%, and 55.3 ± 7.1%, respectively. PQtreated HEK293 cell lines decreased cell viability. The results of oxidative status showed that PQ significantly could increase ROS accumulation, accompanied by a decreasing antioxidant defense system. However, treatment with Cro-NIO, compared to crocin, not only did dose-dependently improve the cell viability but also significantly attenuated the ROS accumulation and increased antioxidant markers.

Conclusion: According to these results, Cro-NIO, compared to crocin, was superior to ameliorating PQ-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in HEK293 cells.

Cite this article as:

Oftadeh Harsin Akram, Makhdoomi Sajjad, Soliemani Meysam, Firozian Farzin, Nili-Ahmadabadi Amir and Ranjbar Akram*, Crocin-loaded Niosomal Nanoparticles Reversing Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in HEK293 Cell Line Exposed to Paraquat: An In vitro Study, Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology 2024; 12 () . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0122117385256493231019045141