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Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-398X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6387

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General Research Article

Respiratory Viruses Causing Influenza Like Illness/Severe Acute Respiratory Infection During COVID-19 Pandemic

Author(s): L. Jothisri, Shukla Das*, Narendra Pal Singh, Rumpa Saha, Alpana Raizada, Mohammad Ahmad Ansari, Charu Jain, Sivakumar and Sajad Ahmad Dar

Volume 19, Issue 4, 2023

Published on: 11 October, 2023

Page: [301 - 308] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/011573398X259978230922090846

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Respiratory tract infections caused by viruses are among the most common diseases in humans worldwide. The diagnosis remains difficult as the symptoms overlap significantly with each other.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to identify the respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV- -2 causing Influenza-like illness (ILI) /severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A total of 100 samples, including COVID-19 positive (n=50) and negative (n=50), were included in the study. The detailed case record form was filled for each patient including relevant history. Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swabs were subjected to standardized RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 followed by Multiplex RT-PCR for other respiratory viruses.

Results: Other respiratory viruses causing ILI/SARI symptoms similar to SARS-CoV2 during COVID-19 pandemic in non-COVID-19 patients aged more than 18 years were found to be Human metapneumovirus (2%), Human adenovirus (1%), Human parainfluenza virus-1 (1%). The result suggested that other respiratory viral infections are significantly higher among COVID-19 negative individuals presenting with respiratory illness as compared to COVID-19 positive individuals, possibly due to viral interference and competitive advantage of SARS-CoV-2 in modulating the host immune system.

Conclusion: The other respiratory viruses in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients had mild to moderate ILI/SARI symptoms, which usually do not require hospitalization but need to be monitored, especially in high-risk patients. Human metapneumovirus, Adenovirus, Parainfluenza virus-1 most commonly occured in more than 60 years age group with comorbidity which can be useful in stratification for future surveillance of other respiratory viruses in health care settings.

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