Generic placeholder image

Current Nanomedicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2468-1873
ISSN (Online): 2468-1881

Research Article

Formulation of Lipid Nanoparticles based Nanogel of Sertaconazole Nitrate and its Evaluation

Author(s): Sarvesh S. Pawar, Punam S. Gadekar, Bhushan R. Rane* and Ashish S. Jain

Volume 14, Issue 1, 2024

Published on: 10 October, 2023

Page: [28 - 40] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/0124681873255919231002044416

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Sertaconazole nitrate is a topical antifungal drug used to treat interdigital tinea pedis in patients with immunocompetent conditions. The class of imidazole includes the antifungal medication sertaconazole nitrate. It is available in topical formulations for treating skin infections, including athlete's foot. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are at the cutting edge of nanotechnology, with several potential uses in drug delivery and research. Because of their unique size-dependent features, lipid nanoparticles hold the promise of novel therapies.

Objective: Drug incorporation into nanocarriers creates a new drug delivery prototype that could be employed for drug targeting. The research aims to study the formulation and evaluation of Sertaconazole nitrate solid lipid nanoparticles. The goal behind formulating SLN gel is to provide and maintain therapeutic concentrations of the drug at the target biological site to maximise therapeutic efficacy and minimise side effects.

Methods: Sertaconazole Nitrate Solid Lipid Nanoparticles are prepared by using High Pressure Homogenizer to get nanogel formulation as the final formulation and in vitro drug release using a diffusion apparatus. The prepared SLNs were evaluated in their FTIR studies to determine compatibility between the drug and the excipients; zeta potential indicates the solid lipid nanoparticle was stable, and polydispersity index was used to determine particle size.

Result: The results demonstrate that optimised SLN-based Sertaconazole nitrate gel exhibited the best physicochemical properties, including FTIR studies of the drug, excipients, and optimised formulation demonstrate that all are compatible with each other, particle size is less than 200 nm, zeta potential ranging from 12 to -20 mV, and highest entrapment efficiency is 71.48%. Optimised solid lipid nanoparticles showed good in vitro release and antimicrobial results. The main application of SLN large scale-up is possible, and the drug can be effective with less dose incorporation.

Conclusion: In this research work, the proposed plan of work SLN of Sertaconazole Nitrate was formulated successfully. The preliminary identification tests were performed, such as melting point determination, estimation of λmax by UV-visible spectrophotometry and plot of its calibration curve in solvent and buffer system, and FT-IR investigation to confirm the purity and confirmation of medication. High physical stability and drug loading are advantageous to SLN.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Naseri N, Valizadeh H, Zakeri-Milani P. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers: Structure, preparation and application. Adv Pharm Bull 2015; 5(3): 305-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/apb.2015.043] [PMID: 26504751]
[2]
Borges G, Oliveria M. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers for drug delivery applications. In: Borges GS, Oliveira MS, dos Santos DCM, Ferreira LAM, Carneiro G, Eds Drug Deliv. 2021; pp. (Part II): 1-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681088235121010004]
[3]
Santos Maia C, Mehnert W, Schaller M, et al. Drug targeting by solid lipid nanoparticles for dermal use. J Drug Target 2002; 10(6): 489-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1061186021000038364] [PMID: 12575739]
[4]
Garud A, Singh D, Garud N. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN): Method, characterization and applications. Int Curr Pharm J 2012; 1(11): 384-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i11.12065]
[5]
Anderluzzi G, Lou G, Su Y, Perrie Y. Scalable manufacturing processes for solid lipid nanoparticles. Pharm Nanotechnol 2019; 7(6): 444-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211738507666190925112942] [PMID: 31840610]
[6]
Mehnert W, Mäder K. Solid lipid nanoparticles production, characterization and applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2001; 47(2-3): 165-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(01)00105-3] [PMID: 11311991]
[7]
Shirkhedkar AA, Patil PS. Breakthroughs in transdermal nanostructured lipid carrier drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2021; 12(3): 1352-66.
[8]
Rajpoot K. Solid lipid nanoparticles: A promising nanomaterial in drug delivery. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25(37): 3943-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190903155321] [PMID: 31481000]
[9]
Sawant GS, Sutar KV, Kanekar AS. Liposome: A novel drug delivery system. Int J Res Rev 2021; 8(4): 252-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210433]
[10]
Mishra H, Chauhan V, Kumar K, Teotia D. A comprehensive review on Liposomes: A novel drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Ther 2018; 8(6): 400-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2071]
[11]
Agarwal K. Liposome assisted drug delivery-an updated review. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022; 84(4)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.975]
[12]
Chauhan I, Singh L. A comprehensive literature review of lipids used in formulation of lipid nanoparticles. Curr Nanomater 2022; 07: 2405461507666220606164446.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405461507666220606164446]
[13]
Vyas SP, Khar RK. Targeted and Controlled Drug Delivery Novel Carrier System. (1st ed.). CBS Publication 2002; pp. 346-79.
[14]
Gannu R, Yamsani MR. Transdermal delivery systems. In: Yamsani MR, Jithan AV, Eds. Advances in Drug Delivery. India: PharmaMed Press 2014; Vol. 2: pp. 1-56.
[15]
Liu M, Wen J, Sharma M. Solid lipid nanoparticles for topical drug delivery: Mechanisms, dosage form perspectives, and translational status. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26(27): 3203-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200526145706] [PMID: 32452322]
[16]
Sinha V, Srivastava S, Goel H, Jindal V. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN’S) -trends and implications in drug targeting. Int J Adv Pharmaceut Sci 2010; 1(3): 212-38.
[17]
Samundre P, Dangi S, Patidar T, Shende SM. A review on topical gel. Int J Creat Res Thoughts 2020; 8: 3952.
[18]
Sahu SK, Raj R, Raj PM, Alpana R. Topical lipid based drug delivery systems for skin diseases: A review. Curr Drug Ther 2018; 13: 1574885513666181112153213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885513666181112153213]
[19]
Sertaconazole nitrate. Available from: https://www.trc-canada.com/product-detail/?S278500 (Accessed on 01 July 2021)
[20]
Chaudhari PM, Patil AR. Optimization of itroconazole solid lipid nanoparticles for topical delivery. Nanosci Nanotechnol Asia 2020; 10(4): 381-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666181112142717]
[21]
Efendieva ZN. Sertaconazole in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Med Council 2019; (13): 94-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701X-2019-13-94-98]
[22]
Patil M, Bhagade P, Amale M, Sonawane S, Kshirsagar S. Development of sertaconazole nitrate loaded nanostructured lipid carriers gel using central composite design: In-vitro and ex-vivo evaluation. Nanosci Nanotechnol Asia 2020; 10: 2210681210999200513093420.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681210999200513093420]
[23]
Nugraha MW, Iswandana R, Jufri M. Preparation, characterization, and formulation of solid lipid nanoparticles lotion from mulberry roots (Morus Alba L). Int J Appl Pharmaceut 2020; 182-186: 182-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.FF041]
[24]
P.P B. Formulation and evaluation of solid lipid nanoparticles of bifonazole. Int J Sci Res Sci Technol 2020; 105-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST207522]
[25]
Muralikrishnan R, Devi K. Formulation, evaluation and applications of solid lipid nanoparticles: An overview. Int Res J Pharma 2019; 10(12): 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1012322]
[26]
Souto EB, Müller RH. Investigation of the factors influencing the incorporation of clotrimazole in SLN and NLC prepared by hot high-pressure homogenization. J Microencapsul 2006; 23(4): 377-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040500435295] [PMID: 16854814]
[27]
GANNIMANI VR. GADELA VR. Formulation, optimization and in vitro evaluation of lovastatin drug loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Int J Pharmaceut Res 2020; 12(4)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.488]
[28]
Kesharwani R, Sachan A, Singh S, Patel D. Formulation and evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN) based topical gel of etoricoxib. J Appl Pharm Sci 2016; 124-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2016.601017]
[29]
VIJAY K. SHABNAM A. Optimization and evaluation of topical gel containing solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with luliconazole and its anti-fungal activity. Int J Pharmaceut Res J Pharm Res 2020; 12(sp2)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP2.169]
[30]
Kumar V, Kumar B, Ain S, Ain Q. Optimization and evaluation of topical gel containing solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with luliconazole. Res Gate 2020; 12(2): 2903-4.
[31]
Bhalekar M, Upadhaya P, Madgulkar A. Formulation and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles for an anti-retroviral drug darunavir. Appl Nanosci 2017; 7(1-2): 47-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-017-0547-1]
[32]
Niyaz BB, Kalyani P, Divakar G. Formulation and evaluation of gel containing fluconazole antifungal agent. Int J Drug Develop Res 2011; 3(4): 109-28.
[33]
Biswajit B, Nabin K. Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion based topical hydrogel containing lornoxicam. J Appl Pharm Sci 2014; 4(12): 077-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2014.41214]
[34]
Demirel M, Yazan Y, Müller RH, Kiliç F, Bozan B. Formulation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of piribedil solid lipid micro- and nanoparticles. J Microencapsul 2001; 18(3): 359-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040010018119] [PMID: 11308226]
[35]
Gouda R, Baishya H, Qing Z. Application of mathematical models in drug release kinetics of carbidopa and levodopa er tablets. J Dev Drugs 2017; 6(2): 1-8.
[36]
M S, v C. Antifungal drug resistance among candida albicans and non-albicans candida species isolates from a tertiary care centre at allahabad. J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 3(4): 1000150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2472-1212.1000150]
[37]
Pandey A, Jagtap JV, Polshettiwar SA, Kuchekar BS. Formulation and evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activity of herbal gel containing aloe vera, azadirachta indica and lycopersicon esculentum seed extract. RJPT 2011; 4(4): 552-4.
[38]
Balouiri M, Sadiki M, Ibnsouda SK. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal 2016; 6(2): 71-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005] [PMID: 29403965]
[39]
Göppert TM, Müller RH. Polysorbate-stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles as colloidal carriers for intravenous targeting of drugs to the brain: Comparison of plasma protein adsorption patterns. J Drug Target 2005; 13(3): 179-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860500071292] [PMID: 16036306]
[40]
Yadav P, Rath G, Sharma G, Singh R, Goyal AK. Polysorbate 80 coated solid lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of temozolomide into the brain. Open Pharmacol J 2018; 8(1): 21-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874143601808010021]
[41]
Heiati H, Tawashi R, Phillips NC. Solid lipid nanoparticles as drug carriers - II. Plasma stability and bio-distribution of solid lipid noparticles containing the lipophilic prodrug 3′-azido-3′- deoxythymidine palmitate in mice. Int J Pharm 1997; 149: 255-65.
[42]
Anderluzzi G, Perrie Y. Microfluidic manufacture of solid lipid nanoparticles: A case study on tristearin-based systems. Drug Deliv Lett 2019; 09: 2210303109666190807104437.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210303109666190807104437]
[43]
Reddy CSK, Khan KKA, Nagaraja C. A review on the determination of melting point measurement system. IJAREEIE 2016; 5(2): 975-9.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version429msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[20:48:05] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[20:48:05] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[20:48:05] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[20:48:05] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (170ms)time
  • Application (259ms)time
  • 1 x Application (60.47%)
    259ms
    1 x Booting (39.53%)
    170ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    36 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 32 unique. Show only duplicated134ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59142255','',1,1740775685,1740775685) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740775685
      1.33msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59142255','/article/135022',1,1740775685,1740775685)
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59142255 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59142255) limit 1
      18.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59142255
      • 1: 59142255
      • 2: 59142255
      • 3: 59142255
      • 4: 59142255
      • 5: 59142255
      • 6: 59142255
      • 7: 59142255
      • 8: 59142255
      • 9: 59142255
      • 10: 59142255
      • 11: 59142255
      • 12: 59142255
      • 13: 59142255
      • 14: 59142255
      • 15: 59142255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=135022
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 161 limit 1
      970μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 161
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=161) and sj.journal_id!=161 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.51msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=161) and sj.journal_id!=161 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      1.24msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=161) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      2.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=161) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.92msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '135022'
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 135022
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '135022'
      5.55msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 135022
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '135022' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      3.85msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 135022
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      1.37msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 161 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      42.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 161 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      6.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 161 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      2.58msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 135022 limit 1
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 135022
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 135022 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 221957 limit 1
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 221957
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CNANOM' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      420μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CNANOM
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '135022' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      490μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '13079' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      480μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '3478' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      440μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3478) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3478) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3478)
      14.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 13079) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 13079) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 13079)
      1.44msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 135022) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 135022) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59142255 and j.to_ip >=59142255 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740775685 and j.to_date >= 1740775685 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 135022)
      1.23msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '28' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 13079 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      2.4msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 28
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '40' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 13079 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      1.78msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 40
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      980μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 135022 limit 1
      6.24msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 135022
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 161 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740775685 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740775685 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      2.82msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 161
      • 3: 1740775685
      • 4: 1740775685
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 161 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740775685 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740775685 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      2.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 161
      • 3: 1740775685
      • 4: 1740775685
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='3c80ff44c088b10f9d2c30efb240fc6b'
      5.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:291
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        ODTRtEmjwhELYanZrMRHEGHopqOEnJbPVavh4xQC
        uc_cart_id
        3c80ff44c088b10f9d2c30efb240fc6b
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/135022" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/135022
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Fri, 28 Feb 2025 20:48:05 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkZYWWFNY2VKTHhJdWEvQ1Z6bVNkT3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVBEQ3ZJQVVnWk5tRG91VjJtcHFYaFJOdUg2eEtmTWZGWmlzam5VSXRuWGhzbVc4d1ptaC9GNlFCWmZDUDVjZjFpYTFwTEZEeSsxaUlkNDM5Z3lSQWxHbkcvMkNILytPMis5OHdNYlFEUUtMQUgvKzRtc0l0K2pGWGVNRE5wQmIiLCJtYWMiOiJlYWFlYTVkNzc3YWNlZGExNzM4NTIxMTE4OGExOGRkOGRlYzJkNjc3M2U0Y2ExOTI2MTFhNzEwMjZmMDgxYjNmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 03 Mar 2025 08:48:05 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkZYWWFNY2VKTHhJdWEvQ1Z6bVNkT3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVBEQ3ZJQVVnWk5tRG91VjJtcHFYaFJOdUg2eEtmTWZGWmlzam5VSXRuWGhzbVc4d1ptaC9GNlFCWmZDUDVjZjFpYTFwT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InByak5YWXJjVzRuWXBQQzNtWG56UUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRURxcnVXeWU3RXZVQWdYc2JmWkJ0WlowMDh5aCtzVHhjb2l1amJJVzNPdjZqcU94c1pFd0pnOHUxS0I5N1pvTTVkMmExaUtzSG4yZktzNmNMREh4TzVZOVdmaGJUbWpwUVcwNVlXMWlvTWpmRzhPQWZPWXBrV2ZGVE90TUcrdE4iLCJtYWMiOiJmN2NmMjg3NDQyYWNhMDdiNzE1ZWU2NjhkNWFmNjg3ODNiMWFiZWI0YTQwNzAzOTJjMGI1ZGRhNjQ4OTZmOTQ5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InByak5YWXJjVzRuWXBQQzNtWG56UUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRURxcnVXeWU3RXZVQWdYc2JmWkJ0WlowMDh5aCtzVHhjb2l1amJJVzNPdjZqcU94c1pFd0pnOHU" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkZYWWFNY2VKTHhJdWEvQ1Z6bVNkT3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVBEQ3ZJQVVnWk5tRG91VjJtcHFYaFJOdUg2eEtmTWZGWmlzam5VSXRuWGhzbVc4d1ptaC9GNlFCWmZDUDVjZjFpYTFwTEZEeSsxaUlkNDM5Z3lSQWxHbkcvMkNILytPMis5OHdNYlFEUUtMQUgvKzRtc0l0K2pGWGVNRE5wQmIiLCJtYWMiOiJlYWFlYTVkNzc3YWNlZGExNzM4NTIxMTE4OGExOGRkOGRlYzJkNjc3M2U0Y2ExOTI2MTFhNzEwMjZmMDgxYjNmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 03-Mar-2025 08:48:05 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkZYWWFNY2VKTHhJdWEvQ1Z6bVNkT3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVBEQ3ZJQVVnWk5tRG91VjJtcHFYaFJOdUg2eEtmTWZGWmlzam5VSXRuWGhzbVc4d1ptaC9GNlFCWmZDUDVjZjFpYTFwT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InByak5YWXJjVzRuWXBQQzNtWG56UUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRURxcnVXeWU3RXZVQWdYc2JmWkJ0WlowMDh5aCtzVHhjb2l1amJJVzNPdjZqcU94c1pFd0pnOHUxS0I5N1pvTTVkMmExaUtzSG4yZktzNmNMREh4TzVZOVdmaGJUbWpwUVcwNVlXMWlvTWpmRzhPQWZPWXBrV2ZGVE90TUcrdE4iLCJtYWMiOiJmN2NmMjg3NDQyYWNhMDdiNzE1ZWU2NjhkNWFmNjg3ODNiMWFiZWI0YTQwNzAzOTJjMGI1ZGRhNjQ4OTZmOTQ5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InByak5YWXJjVzRuWXBQQzNtWG56UUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRURxcnVXeWU3RXZVQWdYc2JmWkJ0WlowMDh5aCtzVHhjb2l1amJJVzNPdjZqcU94c1pFd0pnOHU" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "ODTRtEmjwhELYanZrMRHEGHopqOEnJbPVavh4xQC" "uc_cart_id" => "3c80ff44c088b10f9d2c30efb240fc6b" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/135022" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-28 20:48:05GET/article/135022414361