Abstract
Brucellosis remains one of the major zoonotic diseases worldwide. As a causative agent of brucellosis, it has many ways to evade recognition by the immune system, allowing it to replicate and multiply in the host, causing significant harm to both humans and animals. The pathogenic mechanism of Brucella has not been elucidated, making the identification of drug targets from the pathogenic mechanism a challenge. Metalloenzymatic targets and some protein targets unique to Brucella are exploitable in the development of inhibitors against this disease. The development of specific small molecule inhibitors is urgently needed for brucellosis treatment due to the antibiotic resistance of Brucella. This review summarizes the research on small molecule inhibitors of Brucella, which could be instructive for subsequent studies.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5274(00)00165-X] [PMID: 11173035]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001921] [PMID: 26633831]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102905] [PMID: 21939378]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2015.1038015] [PMID: 26039674]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041412] [PMID: 32098207]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S236326] [PMID: 32104015]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8362-0] [PMID: 32093689]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8040248] [PMID: 31756893]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5228-9] [PMID: 29506522]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003555] [PMID: 35421043]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00211.x] [PMID: 20180858]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-029] [PMID: 30015453]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-7-34] [PMID: 17448232]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0302.970219] [PMID: 9204307]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879400600408] [PMID: 7858024]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.134.14.359-b] [PMID: 8017020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00982.x] [PMID: 21349096]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-43-29] [PMID: 22500859]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb.12.140] [PMID: 23374122]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65760-0] [PMID: 32523093]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.599205] [PMID: 33281799]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00437] [PMID: 29062811]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.032514299] [PMID: 11830669]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20030088] [PMID: 12925673]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0854.2008.00718.x] [PMID: 18266913]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00922.x] [PMID: 17441987]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00030] [PMID: 27014640]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.6.2.201] [PMID: 15757417]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-018-2388-7] [PMID: 30453987]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1960.63020070004016] [PMID: 13833372]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S387809] [PMID: 36474517]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.62.3.910-914.1994] [PMID: 8112863]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.43.502.520] [PMID: 6074152]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/jjm.9039] [PMID: 25147682]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7120603] [PMID: 31766725]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2011.12.003] [PMID: 22296864]
[PMID: 24009951]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26906-3] [PMID: 29867163]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-022-01806-x] [PMID: 35353333]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203309360539] [PMID: 20144965]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.167120] [PMID: 26458473]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/59890.]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2022.890252] [PMID: 35646816]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-021-00939-5] [PMID: 34078437]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.116] [PMID: 26626213]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006830] [PMID: 19714247]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11515-012-1196-0] [PMID: 23730309]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2021.1956913] [PMID: 34340614]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210793429850] [PMID: 20819063]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm901855h] [PMID: 20158185]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.10.019] [PMID: 22196018]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.048] [PMID: 21251841]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.042] [PMID: 20211561]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14756366.2014.967233] [PMID: 25291009]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14756366.2014.986119] [PMID: 25792504]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14756366.2017.1295451] [PMID: 28274160]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.02.009] [PMID: 22459172]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.050] [PMID: 26145821]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22030421] [PMID: 28272358]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.232454299] [PMID: 12438693]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.027] [PMID: 17481905]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.028] [PMID: 24140957]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160413140000] [PMID: 27072690]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ob05149k] [PMID: 21461427]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.09.020] [PMID: 25278235]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1md00146a]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14756360701617107] [PMID: 18569340]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0012-2015] [PMID: 26999395]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o06-148] [PMID: 17215876]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01569.x] [PMID: 10510235]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.182.17.4849-4855.2000] [PMID: 10940027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00072] [PMID: 26528442]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413637] [PMID: 34948430]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1166101] [PMID: 19131631]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.73.9.6048-6054.2005] [PMID: 16113325]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04345.x] [PMID: 15554962]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0600862103] [PMID: 16648257]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0408927102] [PMID: 15764702]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00993-10] [PMID: 21173315]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.07.007] [PMID: 22921071]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.14049] [PMID: 28236662]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.64.1.202-236.2000] [PMID: 10704480]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2001_3919] [PMID: 11732605]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160350] [PMID: 27500735]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01796-10] [PMID: 21282428]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm300303e] [PMID: 22720744]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm030121k] [PMID: 14561087]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009799] [PMID: 35312681]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630013008] [PMID: 28479744]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071078] [PMID: 27447614]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1352] [PMID: 12791609]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C2NP20069D] [PMID: 23051833]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2016.05.014] [PMID: 27266331]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.00946.x] [PMID: 20148904]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iub.2576] [PMID: 34813144]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo051332v] [PMID: 16277343]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo702631a] [PMID: 18331058]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1399004714005161] [PMID: 24816110]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.14829] [PMID: 30927485]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00249-010-0598-7] [PMID: 20306314]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.08.020] [PMID: 28955956]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573409916666200612145712] [PMID: 32532195]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c07619] [PMID: 36816658]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S77020] [PMID: 25848225]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.09.029] [PMID: 19833135]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2015.1137229] [PMID: 26725317]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07391102.2012.674293] [PMID: 22571438]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02936] [PMID: 32038511]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41429-019-0194-8] [PMID: 31164713]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01702.x] [PMID: 21955206]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlb.67.3.335] [PMID: 10733093]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.49.9.3922-3925.2005] [PMID: 16127072]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.5155] [PMID: 25699488]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01987] [PMID: 28018318]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep35835] [PMID: 27767061]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.11.028] [PMID: 28017899]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00691] [PMID: 28659924]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108402] [PMID: 31585647]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158337] [PMID: 35955474]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2207.07026] [PMID: 36039381]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108586] [PMID: 32122590]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152073] [PMID: 33657463]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2049-8] [PMID: 31438945]