Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2210-3279
ISSN (Online): 2210-3287

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Examining the Effects of Exteroceptive Sensors of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) on CAN Bus

Author(s): Zeina Ali* and Qutaiba I. Ali

Volume 13, Issue 4, 2023

Published on: 25 September, 2023

Page: [270 - 283] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/2210327913666230824145823

Price: $65

conference banner
Abstract

Background: Exteroceptive sensors on an autonomous vehicle require a high-performance communication bus. The number of exteroceptive sensors keeps rising, and the CAN bus, the most common intra-network bus in vehicles, cannot keep up.

Objective: This paper investigates the effect of Exteroceptive Sensors of Autonomous Vehicles on the CAN and CAN FD buses. Four types of sensors (4 cameras, 6 radars, 1 LiDAR, and 1 INS) have been introduced to create five different scenarios in two different test environments.

Methods: The simulation used a highly effective environment to obtain accurate measurements and results.

Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the LiDAR sensor has huge data and requires a highefficiency bus; the CAN bus could not handle it, and the rest of the sensors can transfer their data through the traditional CAN bus.

« Previous
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Wang J, Liu J, Kato N. Networking and communications in autonomous driving: A survey. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 2019; 21(2): 1243-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2018.2888904]
[2]
Vyas M. Modern automotive embedded systems with special mention to radars. 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). 19-20 May 2017; Bangalore, India. 2017; pp. 1618-25.
[3]
Hartwich F, Bosch R. “CAN with flexible data-rate,” in Proc iCC. Citeseer 2012; pp. 1-9.
[4]
Vemparala MR, Yerabati S, Mary GI. Performance analysis of controller area network based safety system in an electric vehicle. 2016 IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). 20-21 May 2016; Bangalore, India. IEEE 2016; pp. 461-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RTEICT.2016.7807863]
[5]
Bello LL, Mariani R, Mubeen S, Saponara S. Recent advances and trends in on-board embedded and networked automotive systems. IEEE Trans Industr Inform 2019; 15(2): 1038-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2879544]
[6]
Haris Malik, Glowacz Adam. Navigating an automated driving vehicle via the early fusion of multi-modality. Sensors 2022; 22(4): 1425.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041425]
[7]
Yang G, Xue Y, Meng L, et al. Survey on autonomous vehicle simulation platforms. 2021 8th International Conference on Dependable Systems and Their Applications (DSA). 05-06 August 2021; Yinchuan, China. 2021; pp. 692-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DSA52907.2021.00100]
[8]
Kim J, Jung WY, Kwon S, Kim Y. Performance test of autonomous emergency braking system based on commercial radar. 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI). 10-14 July 2016; Kumamoto, Japan. 2016; pp. 1211-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IIAI-AAI.2016.176]
[9]
Yao L, Wu J, Wang Y, Liu C. Research on vehicle integrated control algorithm based on MATLAB and CANoe co-simulation. 2014 IEEE Conference and Expo Transportation Electrification Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific). 31 August 2014 - 03 September 2014; Beijing, China. 2014; pp. 1-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ITEC-AP.2014.6941219]
[10]
Ishak MK, Ali O, Sirajuduin EA, Qi LS. Vehicle sensors programming based on controller area network (CAN) bus using canoe. 2019 16th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology (ECTI-CON). 10-13 July 2019; Pattaya, Thailand. 2019; pp. 1-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ECTI-CON47248.2019.8955161]
[11]
Kim H, Yoo W, Ha S, Chung JM. In-vehicle network average response time analysis for CAN-FD and automotive ethernet. IEEE Trans Vehicular Technol 2023; 72(6): 6916-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2023.3236593]
[12]
Hafeez A, Malik H, Avatefipour O, Rongali PR, Zehra S. Comparative study of can-bus and flexray protocols for in-vehicle communication. No 2017-01-0017 SAE Technical Paper.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0017]
[13]
Tenruh M, Oikonomidis P, Charchalakis P, Stipidis E. Modelling, simulation, and performance analysis of a CAN FD system with SAE benchmark based message set. Proc 15th Int CAN Conf.
[14]
Nguyen TH, Cheon BM, Jeon JW. CAN FD performance analysis for ECU re-programming using the CANoe. The 18th IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE 2014). 22-25 June 2014; Jeju, Korea (South). 2014; pp. 1-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2014.6884472]
[15]
Cheon B, Jeon J. The CAN FD network performance analysis using the CANoe. Proc IEEE Int Symp Robot. Seoul, South Korea. 2013; pp. 1-5.
[16]
Marcon Zago G, Pignaton de Freitas E. A quantitative performance study on CAN and CAN FD vehicular networks. IEEE Trans Ind Electron 2018; 65(5): 4413-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2017.2762638]
[17]
Ignatious HA, Sayed H-E, Khan M. An overview of sensors in autonomous vehicles. Procedia Comput Sci 2022; 198: 736-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.315]
[18]
Yeong DJ, Velasco-Hernandez G, Barry J, Walsh J. Sensor and sensor fusion technology in autonomous vehicles: A review. Sensors 2021; 21(6): 2140.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062140] [PMID: 33803889]
[19]
Matlab. Automated driving toolbox. Available from: https://www.mathworks.com/products/automated-driving.html
[20]
Shahian Jahromi B, Tulabandhula T, Cetin S. Real-time hybrid multi-sensor fusion framework for perception in autonomous vehicles. Sensors 2019; 19(20): 4357.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204357] [PMID: 31600922]
[21]
Autonomous Vehicles Cannot Be Test-Driven Enough Miles to Demonstrate Their Safety; Alternative Testing Methods Needed. Available from: https://www.rand.org/news/press/2016/04/12.htm accessed on 1 June 2020)
[22]
Kalra N, Paddock SM. Driving to safety: How many miles of driving would it take to demonstrate autonomous vehicle reliability? Transp Res Part A Policy Pract 2016; 94(182): 193.
[23]
Vector Informatik GmbH. Available from: https://www.vector.com/int/en/products/products-az/software/canoe/# accessed on 1 June 2020)

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy