Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Drug Safety

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-8863
ISSN (Online): 2212-3911

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Evaluation of the Factors Associated with Prescribed and Non-Prescribed Medicine: A Population-Based Study

Author(s): Mehrnoosh Eskandari, Amir Hossein Alizadeh Bahmani, Mehdi Hoorang, Marziyeh Zare, Saba Afifi, Iman Karimzadeh, Soha Azadi, Ali Mohammad Sabzghabaee, Kamran B. Lankarani, Fariba Ahmadizar and Payam Peymani*

Volume 18, Issue 4, 2023

Published on: 03 November, 2022

Page: [528 - 533] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1574886318666221020112722

Price: $65

Abstract

Objectives: Several factors influence medication patterns. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of social determinants in the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications in a population-based setting of people over 18 in a southern metropolis of Iran (Shiraz) for 2 years.

Study Design: Prospective population-based cross-sectional.

Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional survey was done in 2018-2020. A total of 1016 participants were randomly selected based on their postal codes and recruited to the study. The demographic characteristics (age, sex, and education), social profiles (insurance, supplementary insurance, health status, and daily exercise plan), and outpatient visits (family/general physician or specialist/ subspecialist) were recorded by gathering sheets. Descriptive analyses and multinomial logistic analyses were carried out using SPSS software.

Results: The medication use pattern was classified into three categories: non-prescribed type I, non-prescribed type II, and prescribed. The mean age of participants was 45.54 ± 15.82 years. The results indicated that most of them took their medication without a prescription (non-prescribed type II). However, people who had insurance and referred to a family physician commonly used the prescribed medications. This study also found that patients who visited a family doctor or a general practitioner used fewer prescribed drugs than those who visited a specialist.

Conclusion: This study describes social determinants as additional effective factors in health services that influence the use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications in Shiraz. These evidence- based findings can help policymakers to plan the best programs.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Eggen AE. Patterns of medicine use in a general population (0-80 years). The Influence of age, gender, diseases and place of residence on drug use in Norway. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 1997; 6(3): 179-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1557(199705)6:3<179::AID-PDS258>3.0.CO;2-P] [PMID: 15073786]
[2]
Nielsen MW, Hansen EH, Rasmussen NK. Prescription and non-prescription medicine use in Denmark: Association with socio-economic position. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2003; 59(8-9): 677-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-003-0678-z] [PMID: 14523592]
[3]
Öztürk S, Başar D, Özen İC, Çiftçi AÖ. Socio-economic and behavioral determinants of prescription and non-prescription medicine use: The case of Turkey. Daru 2019; 27(2): 735-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00311-1] [PMID: 31732873]
[4]
Peymani P, Afifi S, Alizadeh BAH, et al. Assessing the performance of community pharmacies in iran by measuring responsiveness to non-medical needs: An application of who responsiveness framework. J Res Pharm Pract 2021; 10(2): 59-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_21_23] [PMID: 34527609]
[5]
Peymani P, Zare M, Afifi S, et al. The Pattern of medication usage in the southern region of Iran: A population-based pharmacoepidemiological study. J Res Pharm Pract 2021; 10(2): 83-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_21_5] [PMID: 34527613]
[6]
Naqvi AA, Zehra F, Tasneem S, et al. Brand versus generic dispensing trend for ciprofloxacin 500 mg, levofloxacin 500 mg, and moxifloxacin 400 mg (oral dosage forms) among pharmacies of Karachi, Pakistan. Int J Pharm Investig 2017; 7(2): 70-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jphi.JPHI_15_17] [PMID: 28929048]
[7]
Nielsen MW, Hansen EH, Rasmussen NK. Patterns of psychotropic medicine use and related diseases across educational groups: National cross-sectional survey. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 60(3): 199-204.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-004-0741-4] [PMID: 15024533]
[8]
Nordin M, Dackehag M, Gerdtham UG. Socioeconomic inequalities in drug utilization for Sweden: Evidence from linked survey and register data. Soc Sci Med 2013; 77: 106-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.013] [PMID: 23219166]
[9]
Pappa E, Kontodimopoulos N, Papadopoulos AA, Tountas Y, Niakas D. Prescribed-drug utilization and polypharmacy in a general population in Greece: Association with sociodemographic, health needs, health-services utilization, and lifestyle factors. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 67(2): 185-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-010-0940-0] [PMID: 21069519]
[10]
Kesselheim AS, Avorn J, Sarpatwari A. The high cost of prescription drugs in the United States: Origins and prospects for reform. JAMA 2016; 316(8): 858-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.11237] [PMID: 27552619]
[11]
Kusturica MP, Sabo A, Tomic Z, Horvat O, Šolak Z. Storage and disposal of unused medications: Knowledge, behavior, and attitudes among Serbian people. Int J Clin Pharm 2012; 34(4): 604-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-012-9652-0] [PMID: 22644600]
[12]
Zareshahi R, Haghdoost A, Asadipour A, Sadeghirad B. Rational usage of drug indices in the prescriptions of Kerman medical practitioners in 2008. JRUMS 2012; 11(6): 523-36.
[13]
Doshmangir L, Bazyar M, Rashidian A, Gordeev VS. Iran health insurance system in transition: Equity concerns and steps to achieve universal health coverage. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20(1): 37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01372-4] [PMID: 33446202]
[14]
Zargarzadeh AH, Minaeiyan M, Torabi A. Prescription and nonprescription drug use in isfahan, Iran: An observational, cross-sectional study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2008; 69(1): 76-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.curtheres.2008.02.002] [PMID: 24692785]
[15]
Plaza-Zamora J, Legaz I, Osuna E, Pérez-Cárceles MD. Age and education as factors associated with medication literacy: A community pharmacy perspective. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20(1): 501.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01881-5] [PMID: 33238894]
[16]
Daban F, Pasarín MI, Rodríguez-Sanz M, et al. Social determinants of prescribed and non-prescribed medicine use. Int J Equity Health 2010; 9(1): 12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-9-12] [PMID: 20441578]
[17]
Nielsen MW, Gundgaard J, Hansen EH, Rasmussen NK. Use of six main drug therapeutic groups across educational groups: Self-reported survey and prescription records. J Clin Pharm Ther 2005; 30(3): 259-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2005.00643.x] [PMID: 15896244]
[18]
Mayer S, Österle A. Socioeconomic determinants of prescribed and non-prescribed medicine consumption in Austria. Eur J Public Health 2015; 25(4): 597-603.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku179] [PMID: 25395395]
[19]
Mahrous MS. Frequency of use of non-prescribed medication among population sample from Al Madina City and its impact on quality of care in Saudi Arabia. Int J Health Sci 2018; 12(5): 3-9.
[PMID: 30202401]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy