Abstract
This review highlights the binding and structural aspects of halide complexes with synthetic macrocyclic receptors with different functional groups including charged amine (protonated or quaternary form), amide, thioamide and pyrrole. Different binding modes in solution and solid states in terms of monotopic, ditopic, cascade and sandwich complexes of halides are discussed. The sizes and functional groups of the macrocycles, as well as solvents have been shown to play a critical role in binding and selectivity for anionic guests. In general, macrobicyclic or tricyclic hosts tend to form monotopic complexes with anions of comparable sizes, while an expanded cavity is needed for the higher degree of complexation (e.g., ditopic or cascade). On the other hand, the formation of a sandwich complex is favored by monocyclic ligands with hydrogen donor groups.
Keywords: Macrocyclic Receptors, Inclusion Complexes, Halide Anions, thioamide, pyrrole, monotopic complexes, sandwich complex, hydrogen donor groups
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
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