Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current HIV Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-162X
ISSN (Online): 1873-4251

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Association Between the Levels of Serum Free Testosterone and Lifestylerelated Diseases in People Living with HIV

Author(s): Yusuke Yoshino*, Yoshitaka Wakabayashi and Takatoshi Kitazawa

Volume 20, Issue 4, 2022

Published on: 01 August, 2022

Page: [321 - 326] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1570162X20666220623152941

Price: $65

conference banner
Abstract

Background: Recently, male hypogonadism was reported to be prevalent in people living with HIV (PLWH), even in cases diagnosed based on the serum free testosterone level (fTST). However, studies on the management of PLWH showing the relationship between male hypogonadism and lifestyle-associated diseases, are sparse.

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between serum fTST levels and lifestyle-related diseases in virologically stable PLWH.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort single-center study. The study included HIVinfected men on antiretroviral therapy, with available data on serum fTST levels at Teikyo University Hospital between June 2020 and September 2020. Clinical information was collected at the time of fTST measurement. A simple regression analysis was used to identify continuous variables significantly associated with serum fTST levels. Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were also used to identify non-continuous variables that were significantly correlated with serum fTST levels.

Results: Sixty male patients were evaluated. The median age was 47 (40-62) years. Low serum fTST levels were significantly associated with old age, low hemoglobin and total cholesterol levels, and high hemoglobin A1c levels. Non-use of INSTI and comorbid hypertension were also significantly associated with low serum fTST levels.

Conclusion: Hypertension and the serum hemoglobin A1c level as a standard parameter for diabetes was significantly associated with low serum fTST levels in Japanese male PLWH. This study suggested that sex-hormone replacement therapy could be a preferred option for PLWH with low serum fTST levels to manage their long-term complications.

Keywords: Free testosterone, HIV, lifestyle-related diseases, hypertension, hemoglobin A1c, hypogonadism.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Wanke CA, Silva M, Knox TA, Forrester J, Speigelman D, Gorbach SL. Weight loss and wasting remain common complications in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31(3): 803-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/314027] [PMID: 11017833]
[2]
Christeff N, Gharakhanian S, Thobie N, Rozenbaum W, Nunez EA. Evidence for changes in adrenal and testicular steroids during HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1992; 5(8): 841-6.
[PMID: 1387684]
[3]
Raffi F, Brisseau JM, Planchon B, Rémi JP, Barrier JH, Grolleau JY. Endocrine function in 98 HIV-infected patients: A prospective study. AIDS 1991; 5(6): 729-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199106000-00013] [PMID: 1883545]
[4]
Araujo AB, O’Donnell AB, Brambilla DJ, et al. Prevalence and incidence of androgen deficiency in middle-aged and older men: Estimates from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(12): 5920-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-031719] [PMID: 15579737]
[5]
Monroe AK, Dobs AS, Palella FJ, Kingsley LA, Witt MD, Brown TT. Morning free and total testosterone in HIV-infected men: Implications for the assessment of hypogonadism. AIDS Res Ther 2014; 11(1): 6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-6405-11-6] [PMID: 24450960]
[6]
Rochira V, Zirilli L, Orlando G, et al. Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era. PLoS One 2011; 6(12): e28512.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028512] [PMID: 22174826]
[7]
Crum-Cianflone NF, Bavaro M, Hale B, et al. Erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism among men with HIV. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2007; 21(1): 9-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/apc.2006.0071] [PMID: 17263654]
[8]
Lachâtre M, Pasquet A, Ajana F, et al. HIV and hypogonadism: A new challenge for young-aged and middle-aged men on effective antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2017; 31(3): 451-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001348] [PMID: 28081039]
[9]
Yoshino Y, Koga I, Misu K, Seo K, Kitazawa T, Ota Y. The prevalence of low serum free testosterone and the short-term effect of anti-retroviral therapy in male Japanese treatment-naive HIV patients. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25(4): 318-21.
[10]
Yoshino Y, Koga I, Wakabayashi Y, Kitazawa T, Ota Y. Prevalence of and risk factors for low free testosterone levels in Japanese men with well-controlled human immunodeficiency virus infection. Curr HIV Res 2020; 18(5): 381-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162X18666200720000344] [PMID: 32684150]
[11]
Tsujimura A. The relationship between testosterone deficiency and men’s health. World J Mens Health 2013; 31(2): 126-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.2013.31.2.126] [PMID: 24044107]
[12]
Ding EL, Song Y, Malik VS, Liu S. Sex differences of endogenous sex hormones and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2006; 295(11): 1288-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.11.1288] [PMID: 16537739]
[13]
Pivonello R, Menafra D, Riccio E, et al. Metabolic disorders and male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10: 345.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00345] [PMID: 31402895]
[14]
Fernández-Miró M, Chillarón JJ, Pedro-Botet J. Testosterone deficiency, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. Med Clin (Barc) 2016; 146(2): 69-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2015.06.020] [PMID: 26433309]
[15]
Peters B, Post F, Wierzbicki AS, et al. Screening for chronic comorbid diseases in people with HIV: The need for a strategic approach. HIV Med 2013; 14 (Suppl. 1): 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2012.01055.x] [PMID: 23121515]
[16]
Hasse B, Bernasconi E, Furrer H, Eyer MM, Kovari H. HIV-associated non-AIDS conditions. Ther Umsch 2014; 71(8): 483-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000541] [PMID: 25093313]
[17]
Iwamoto A, Taira R, Yokomaku Y, et al. The HIV care cascade: Japanese perspectives. PLoS One 2017; 12(3): e0174360.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174360] [PMID: 28319197]
[18]
Namiki M, Akaza H, Shimazui T, et al. Clinical practice manual for late-onset hypogonadism syndrome. Int J Urol 2008; 15(5): 377-88.
[19]
Roy CN, Snyder PJ, Stephens-Shields AJ, et al. Association of testosterone levels with anemia in older men: A controlled clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med 2017; 177(4): 480-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.9540] [PMID: 28241237]
[20]
Moreno SA, Shyam A, Morgentaler A. Comparison of free testosterone results by analog radioimmunoassay and calculated free testosterone in an ambulatory clinical population. J Sex Med 2010; 7(5): 1948-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01473.x] [PMID: 19732301]
[21]
Cortés AJ. On how role versatility boosts an STI. J Theor Biol 2018; 440: 66-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.12.018] [PMID: 29273545]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
4
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy