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Current Drug Safety

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ISSN (Print): 1574-8863
ISSN (Online): 2212-3911

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Case Report

Insights into Chronic Lithium Toxicity - A Case Report

Author(s): Giphy Susan Varghese*, Karthikkeyan Rajachandran and Indhupriyadharshini Murugesan

Volume 18, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 23 May, 2022

Page: [112 - 115] Pages: 4

DOI: 10.2174/1574886317666220414133850

Price: $65

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Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychological disorder, and lithium remains the mainstay of therapy. Lithium toxicity can be acute or chronic and the effects may be disabling or life-threatening. The presence of risk factors can increase the chances of lithium toxicity in a patient on long-term lithium therapy. We hereby report a case of chronic lithium toxicity in a patient with a known case of bipolar disorder.

Case Presentation: A 44-year-old female patient with a known case of bipolar disorder presented with altered sensorium, seizures, and renal insufficiency. On admission, the patient was severely dehydrated and the serum lithium level was 3.43 mEq/L. Hemodialysis was performed and she improved gradually.

Conclusion: Lithium has constantly proven to be beneficial in lowering suicide rates in bipolar disorder patients over the years since its approval. However, its use is limited due to the risk of toxicity. The chances of developing toxicity are higher in patients on long-term lithium therapy. Patients with high risk factors for toxicity should be monitored frequently as the effects of lithium toxicity can be fatal.

Keywords: Bipolar disorder, lithium carbonate, chronic lithium toxicity, serum lithium levels, seizures, renal insufficiency, hemodialysis.

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