Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Letters in Organic Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1786
ISSN (Online): 1875-6255

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Melatonin As An Antioxidant Agent In Disease Prevention: A Biochemical Focus

Author(s): Morteza Akhzari, Mahdi Barazesh* and Sajad Jalili*

Volume 19, Issue 11, 2022

Published on: 29 April, 2022

Page: [958 - 975] Pages: 18

DOI: 10.2174/1570178619666220325124451

Price: $65

Abstract

In recent years, free radicals and oxidative stress are associated with aging, cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. Confirming the role of oxidants in numerous pathological situations, including cancer, developing antioxidants as therapeutic platforms are needed. It has been well established that melatonin and its derived metabolites function as endogenous free-radical scavengers and broad-spectrum antioxidants. To achieve this function, melatonin can directly detoxify reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species and indirectly overexpress antioxidant enzymes while suppressing the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes. Many investigations have also confirmed the role of melatonin and its derivatives in different physiological processes and therapeutic functions, such as controlling the circadian rhythm and immune functions. This review aimed to focus on melatonin as a beneficial agent for the stimulation of antioxidant enzymes and inhibition of lipid peroxidation and to evaluate its contribution to protection against oxidative damages. In addition, the clinical application of melatonin in several diseases is discussed. Finally, the safety and efficacy of melatonin in clinical backgrounds are also reviewed.

Keywords: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, disease, free radical scavenging, melatonin, oxidative stress.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Tan, D-X.; Zheng, X.; Kong, J.; Manchester, L.C.; Hardeland, R.; Kim, S.J.; Xu, X.; Reiter, R.J. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2014, 15(9), 15858-15890.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms150915858] [PMID: 25207599]
[2]
Chen, C-Q.; Fichna, J.; Bashashati, M.; Li, Y-Y.; Storr, M. World J. Gastroenterol., 2011, 17(34), 3888-3898.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i34.3888] [PMID: 22025877]
[3]
Aulinas, A. Physiology of the pineal gland and melatonin; Feingold, K.R.; Boyce, A., Eds.; Endotext, 2019.
[4]
Cipolla-Neto, J.; Amaral, F.G.D. Endocr. Rev., 2018, 39(6), 990-1028.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2018-00084] [PMID: 30215696]
[5]
Ferlazzo, N.; Andolina, G.; Cannata, A.; Costanzo, M.G.; Rizzo, V.; Currò, M.; Ientile, R.; Caccamo, D. Antioxidants, 2020, 9(11), 1088.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111088] [PMID: 33167396]
[6]
Zhao, D.; Yu, Y.; Shen, Y.; Liu, Q.; Zhao, Z.; Sharma, R.; Reiter, R.J. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 2019, 10, 249.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00249] [PMID: 31057485]
[7]
Tordjman, S.; Chokron, S.; Delorme, R.; Charrier, A.; Bellissant, E.; Jaafari, N.; Fougerou, C. Curr. Neuropharmacol., 2017, 15(3), 434-443.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X14666161228122115] [PMID: 28503116]
[8]
Haim, A.; Zubidat, A.E. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 2015, 370(1667), 20140121.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0121] [PMID: 25780234]
[9]
Grivas, T.B.; Savvidou, O.D. Scoliosis, 2007, 2(1), 6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1748-7161-2-6] [PMID: 17408483]
[10]
Erland, L.A.; Saxena, P.K. J. Clin. Sleep Med., 2017, 13(2), 275-281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6462] [PMID: 27855744]
[11]
Acuña-Castroviejo, D.; Escames, G.; Venegas, C.; Díaz-Casado, M.E.; Lima-Cabello, E.; López, L.C.; Rosales-Corral, S.; Tan, D-X.; Reiter, R.J. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 2014, 71(16), 2997-3025.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1579-2] [PMID: 24554058]
[12]
Hardeland, R. Aging Dis., 2012, 3(2), 194-225.
[PMID: 22724080]
[13]
Ahmadi-Motamayel, F.; Vaziri-Amjad, S.; Goodarzi, M.T.; Samie, L.; Poorolajal, J. Rev. Recent Clin. Trials, 2017, 12(3), 168-173.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574887112666170725132528] [PMID: 28745217]
[14]
Munmun, F.; Witt-Enderby, P.A. J. Pineal Res., 2021, 71(1), e12749.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12749] [PMID: 34085304]
[15]
MacDonald, I.J.; Tsai, H-C.; Chang, A-C.; Huang, C-C.; Yang, S-F.; Tang, C-H. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(17), 9435.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179435] [PMID: 34502344]
[16]
Milani, M.; Fischer, T.W. Med. Cutan. Ibero Lat. Am., 2014, 42(1-3), 30-36.
[17]
Hacışevki, A.; Baba, B. Melatonin Mol. Biol. Clin. Pharm Appr., 2018, 59-85.
[18]
Korkmaz, A.; Reiter, R.J.; Topal, T.; Manchester, L.C.; Oter, S.; Tan, D-X. Mol. Med., 2009, 15(1-2), 43-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2008.00117] [PMID: 19011689]
[19]
Galano, A.; Tan, D.X.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2011, 51(1), 1-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00916.x] [PMID: 21752095]
[20]
Mannino, G.; Pernici, C.; Serio, G.; Gentile, C.; Bertea, C.M. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(18), 9996.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189996] [PMID: 34576159]
[21]
Flanagan, S.C.; Cobice, D.; Richardson, P.; Sittlington, J.J.; Saunders, K. J. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2020, 61(8), 45-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.61.8.45] [PMID: 32729910]
[22]
Luo, J.; Zhang, Z.; Sun, H.; Song, J.; Chen, X.; Huang, J.; Lin, X.; Zhou, R. Life Sci., 2020, 242, 117191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117191] [PMID: 31863775]
[23]
Calvo, J.R.; González-Yanes, C.; Maldonado, M.D. J. Pineal Res., 2013, 55(2), 103-120.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12075] [PMID: 23889107]
[24]
Wang, B.; Wen, H.; Smith, W.; Hao, D.; He, B.; Kong, L. J. Cell. Physiol., 2019, 234(2), 1008-1015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27090] [PMID: 30145787]
[25]
Facciolá, G.; Hidestrand, M.; von Bahr, C.; Tybring, G.; Cytochrome, P. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2001, 56(12), 881-888.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280000245] [PMID: 11317475]
[26]
Semak, I.; Korik, E.; Antonova, M.; Wortsman, J.; Slominski, A. J. Pineal Res., 2008, 45(4), 515-523.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2008.00630.x] [PMID: 18717775]
[27]
Hardeland, R. Curr. Neuropharmacol., 2010, 8(3), 168-181.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015910792246164] [PMID: 21358968]
[28]
Tan, D-X.; Manchester, L.C.; Esteban-Zubero, E.; Zhou, Z.; Reiter, R.J. Molecules, 2015, 20(10), 18886-18906.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules201018886] [PMID: 26501252]
[29]
Tan, D.X.; Manchester, L.C.; Terron, M.P.; Flores, L.J.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2007, 42(1), 28-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00407.x] [PMID: 17198536]
[30]
Niu, S.; Li, F.; Tan, D.X.; Zhang, L.; Idle, J.R.; Gonzalez, F.J.; Ma, X. J. Pineal Res., 2010, 49(2), 106-114.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2010.00771.x] [PMID: 20545825]
[31]
Hardeland, R. Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res., 2017, 1(3), 1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000318]
[32]
Liu, L.; Labani, N.; Cecon, E.; Jockers, R. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 2019, 10, 791.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00791] [PMID: 31803142]
[33]
Loh, D.; Reiter, R.J. Antioxidants, 2021, 10(9), 1483.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091483] [PMID: 34573116]
[34]
Pandi-Perumal, S.R. BaHammam, A.S.; Brown, G.M.; Spence, D.W.; Bharti, V.K.; Kaur, C.; Hardeland, R.; Cardinali, D.P. Neurotox. Res., 2013, 23(3), 267-300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12640-012-9337-4] [PMID: 22739839]
[35]
Gobbi, G.; Comai, S. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 2019, 10, 87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00087] [PMID: 30881340]
[36]
Liu, D.; Wei, N.; Man, H.Y.; Lu, Y.; Zhu, L.Q.; Wang, J.Z. Cell Death Differ., 2015, 22(4), 583-596.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2014.195] [PMID: 25501601]
[37]
Gautier, C.; Guenin, S-P.; Riest-Fery, I.; Perry, T.J.; Legros, C.; Nosjean, O.; Simonneaux, V.; Grützner, F.; Boutin, J.A. PLoS One, 2018, 13(3), e0191904.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191904] [PMID: 29529033]
[38]
Wang, R-X.; Liu, H.; Xu, L.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, R-X. Oncol. Rep., 2015, 34(5), 2541-2546.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4238] [PMID: 26330273]
[39]
Fang, N.; Hu, C.; Sun, W.; Xu, Y.; Gu, Y.; Wu, L.; Peng, Q.; Reiter, R.J.; Liu, L. J. Pineal Res., 2020, 68(1), e12618.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12618] [PMID: 31631405]
[40]
Herrera-Arozamena, C.; Estrada-Valencia, M.; Pérez, C.; Lagartera, L.; Morales-García, J.A.; Pérez-Castillo, A.; Franco-Gonzalez, J.F.; Michalska, P.; Duarte, P.; León, R.; López, M.G.; Mills, A.; Gago, F.; García-Yagüe, Á.J.; Fernández-Ginés, R.; Cuadrado, A.; Rodríguez-Franco, M.I. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2020, 190, 112090.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112090] [PMID: 32018096]
[41]
Rudra, D.S.; Pal, U.; Maiti, N.C.; Reiter, R.J.; Swarnakar, S. J. Pineal Res., 2013, 54(4), 398-405.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12034] [PMID: 23330737]
[42]
Li, X.; Ni, T. Eur. Biophys. J., 2016, 45(2), 165-174.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00249-015-1085-y] [PMID: 26507952]
[43]
Koh, P.O. J. Pineal Res., 2012, 52(1), 57-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00918.x] [PMID: 21790776]
[44]
Huo, X.; Wang, C.; Yu, Z.; Peng, Y.; Wang, S.; Feng, S.; Zhang, S.; Tian, X.; Sun, C.; Liu, K.; Deng, S.; Ma, X. J. Pineal Res., 2017, 62(4), e12390.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12390] [PMID: 28099762]
[45]
Hevia, D.; González-Menéndez, P.; Quiros-González, I.; Miar, A.; Rodríguez-García, A.; Tan, D.X.; Reiter, R.J.; Mayo, J.C.; Sainz, R.M. J. Pineal Res., 2015, 58(2), 234-250.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12210] [PMID: 25612238]
[46]
Soto-Vega, E.; Meza, I.; Ramírez-Rodríguez, G.; Benitez-King, G. J. Pineal Res., 2004, 37(2), 98-106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2004.00141.x] [PMID: 15298668]
[47]
Chan, K.H.; Wong, Y.H. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14(9), 18385-18406.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140918385] [PMID: 24018885]
[48]
Ekmekcioglu, C. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2006, 60(3), 97-108.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2006.01.002] [PMID: 16527442]
[49]
Cecon, E.; Oishi, A.; Jockers, R. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2018, 175(16), 3263-3280.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.13950] [PMID: 28707298]
[50]
Kopustinskiene, D.M. Bernatoniene. J. Pharmaceutics, 2021, 13(2), 129.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020129] [PMID: 33498316]
[51]
Ahmed, R.; Mahavadi, S.; Al-Shboul, O.; Bhattacharya, S.; Grider, J.R.; Murthy, K.S. Regul. Pept., 2013, 184, 96-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regpep.2013.03.028] [PMID: 23541890]
[52]
Hardeland, R.; Cardinali, D.P.; Srinivasan, V.; Spence, D.W.; Brown, G.M.; Pandi-Perumal, S.R. Prog. Neurobiol., 2011, 93(3), 350-384.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.12.004] [PMID: 21193011]
[53]
Hu, C.; Li, L. Stem Cell Res. Ther., 2019, 10(1), 13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-1114-8] [PMID: 30635065]
[54]
Deng, S-L.; Zhang, B-L.; Reiter, R.J.; Liu, Y-X. Antioxidants, 2020, 9(12), 1277.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121277] [PMID: 33327643]
[55]
Kong, P-J.; Byun, J-S.; Lim, S-Y.; Lee, J-J.; Hong, S-J.; Kwon, K-J.; Kim, S-S. Korean J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2008, 12(2), 37-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2008.12.2.37] [PMID: 20157392]
[56]
Wu, G.; Hu, J.; Zhu, H.; Wu, S.; Huang, S.; Liu, Z. Int. J. Mol. Med., 2021, 48(2), 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4987]
[57]
Fu, Z.; Jiao, Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, Y.; Shen, M.; Reiter, R.J.; Xi, Q.; Chen, Y. Front. Physiol., 2020, 11, 366.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00366] [PMID: 32411013]
[58]
Hardeland, R. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2019, 20(5), 1223.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051223] [PMID: 30862067]
[59]
Ahmadi, Z.; Ashrafizadeh, M. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol., 2020, 34(1), 11-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fcp.12498] [PMID: 31283051]
[60]
Mortezaee, K.; Najafi, M.; Farhood, B.; Ahmadi, A.; Potes, Y.; Shabeeb, D.; Musa, A.E. Life Sci., 2019, 228, 228-241.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.009] [PMID: 31077716]
[61]
Stumpf, I.; Bazwinsky, I.; Peschke, E. J. Pineal Res., 2009, 46(2), 140-147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2008.00638.x] [PMID: 19175857]
[62]
Jockers, R.; Delagrange, P.; Dubocovich, M.L.; Markus, R.P.; Renault, N.; Tosini, G.; Cecon, E.; Zlotos, D.P. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2016, 173(18), 2702-2725.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.13536] [PMID: 27314810]
[63]
Tan, D.X.; Manchester, L.C.; Terron, M.P.; Flores, L.J.; Tamura, H.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2007, 43(4), 317-320.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2007.00513.x] [PMID: 17910598]
[64]
Kruk, J.; Aboul-Enein, B.H.; Duchnik, E. J. Physiol. Sci., 2021, 71(1), 27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12576-021-00812-2] [PMID: 34470608]
[65]
Galano, A.; Tan, D-X.; Reiter, R.J. Molecules, 2018, 23(3), 530.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030530] [PMID: 29495460]
[66]
Drăgoi, C.M.; Nicolae, A.C. Melatonin: Molecular Biology, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Approaches; BoD–Books on Demand, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74993]
[67]
Galano, A.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2018, 65(1), e12514.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12514] [PMID: 29888508]
[68]
Enkhtaivan, E.; Lee, C.H. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(15), 8071.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158071] [PMID: 34360837]
[69]
Goswami, S.; Haldar, C. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, 2015, 153, 281-288.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.10.006] [PMID: 26496791]
[70]
Santoro, R.; Marani, M.; Blandino, G.; Muti, P.; Strano, S. Oncogene, 2012, 31(24), 2931-2942.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2011.469] [PMID: 22002314]
[71]
Bhatti, J.S.; Sidhu, I.P.; Bhatti, G.K. Mol. Cell. Biochem., 2011, 353(1-2), 139-149.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-011-0780-y] [PMID: 21404018]
[72]
Pan, X.; Zhu, L.; Lu, H.; Wang, D.; Lu, Q.; Yan, H. Oxidative Med. Cell. Longevity, 2015, 2015, 703-709.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/703709]
[73]
Aydogan, S.; Yerer, M.B.; Goktas, A. J. Endocrinol. Invest., 2006, 29(3), 281-287.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03345555] [PMID: 16682846]
[74]
Christie, W. Prostanoids-prostaglandins, prostacyclins, and thromboxanes; Mylnefield Lipid Analysis Dundee: UK, 2006.
[75]
Jabr, S.S.M. Universitat de Barcelona; Departament de Medicina, 2013.
[76]
Liu, J.; Clough, S.J.; Hutchinson, A.J.; Adamah-Biassi, E.B.; Popovska-Gorevski, M.; Dubocovich, M.L. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2016, 56(1), 361-383.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124742] [PMID: 26514204]
[77]
Lahiri, T.; Brambilla, L.; Andrade, J.; Askenazi, M.; Ueberheide, B.; Levy, D.E. Mol. Oncol., 2021, 15(5), 1432-1449.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.12928] [PMID: 33605027]
[78]
Xiong, X-C.; Zhu, Y.; Ge, R.; Liu, L-F.; Yuan, W. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2015, 16(5), 10337-10353.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160510337] [PMID: 25961946]
[79]
Hardeland, R. Biofactors, 2009, 35(2), 183-192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biof.23] [PMID: 19449447]
[80]
Santofimia-Castaño, P.; Clea Ruy, D.; Garcia-Sanchez, L.; Jimenez-Blasco, D.; Fernandez-Bermejo, M.; Bolaños, J.P.; Salido, G.M.; Gonzalez, A. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 2015, 87, 226-236.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.033] [PMID: 26163001]
[81]
Bai, J.; Dong, L.; Song, Z.; Ge, H.; Cai, X.; Wang, G.; Liu, P. Free Radic. Res., 2013, 47(8), 635-642.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10715762.2013.808743] [PMID: 23710615]
[82]
Vriend, J.; Reiter, R.J. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 2015, 401, 213-220.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2014.12.013] [PMID: 25528518]
[83]
Kurutas, E.B. Nutr. J., 2016, 15(1), 71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0186-5] [PMID: 27456681]
[84]
Urata, Y.; Honma, S.; Goto, S.; Todoroki, S.; Iida, T.; Cho, S.; Honma, K.; Kondo, T. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 1999, 27(7-8), 838-847.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(99)00131-8] [PMID: 10515588]
[85]
Juhnevica-Radenkova, K.; Moreno, D.A.; Ikase, L.; Drudze, I.; Radenkovs, V. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf., 2020, 19(6), 4008-4030.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12639] [PMID: 33337029]
[86]
Hardeland, R.; Pandi-Perumal, S.R. Nutr. Metab. (Lond.), 2005, 2(1), 22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-2-22] [PMID: 16153306]
[87]
Mohammadi, M.; Rezaie, M.J.; Rostamzadeh, A.; Allahveisi, A.; Mohammadi, H.R.; Mohammadi, F.; Moayeri, A. Biomed. Pharmacol. J., 2016, 9(2), 555-561.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/972]
[88]
Ghosh, P.; Dey, T.; Chattopadhyay, A.; Bandyopadhyay, D. Melatonin Research, 2021, 4(3), 377-407.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32794/mr112500101]
[89]
Eghbal, M.; Eftekhari, A.; Ahmadian, E.; Azarmi, Y.; Parvizpur, A. J. Pharmacol. Rep., 2016, 1(106), 2.
[90]
Carrillo-Vico, A.; Lardone, P.J.; Alvarez-Sánchez, N.; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, A.; Guerrero, J.M. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14(4), 8638-8683.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14048638] [PMID: 23609496]
[91]
Mańka, S.; Majewska, E. Postepy Hig. Med. Dosw., 2016, 70(0), 1059-1067.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/17322693.1221001] [PMID: 27708210]
[92]
Sarkar, S.; Chattopadhyay, A.; Bandyopadhyay, D. Melatonin Res., 2021, 4(1), 1-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32794/mr11250080]
[93]
Esposito, E.; Cuzzocrea, S. Curr. Neuropharmacol., 2010, 8(3), 228-242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015910792246155] [PMID: 21358973]
[94]
Kurhaluk, N.; Szarmach, A.; Zaitseva, O.V.; Sliuta, A.; Kyriienko, S.; Winklewski, P.J. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2018, 96(11), 1153-1160.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0011] [PMID: 30086243]
[95]
Lin, Y.W.; Chen, T.Y.; Hung, C.Y.; Tai, S.H.; Huang, S.Y.; Chang, C.C.; Hung, H.Y.; Lee, E.J. Int. J. Mol. Med., 2018, 42(1), 182-192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3607] [PMID: 29620280]
[96]
Vincent, B. Pharmacol. Res., 2018, 134, 223-237.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.011] [PMID: 29981776]
[97]
Nuszkiewicz, J. Woźniak, A.; Szewczyk-Golec. K. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020, 21(16), 5804.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165804] [PMID: 32823530]
[98]
Zhao, X.; Sun, J.; Su, W.; Shan, H.; Zhang, B.; Wang, Y.; Shabanova, A.; Shan, H.; Liang, H. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2018, 19(4), 1118.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19041118] [PMID: 29642520]
[99]
Lee, C.H.; Park, J.H.; Ahn, J.H.; Won, M.H. Exp. Ther. Med., 2016, 11(6), 2240-2246.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3216] [PMID: 27284307]
[100]
Zhang, J-J.; Meng, X.; Li, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Xu, D-P.; Li, S.; Li, H-B. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2017, 18(4), 673.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040673] [PMID: 28333073]
[101]
Yu, H.; Li, Y.; Xu, Z.; Wang, D.; Shi, S.; Deng, H.; Zeng, B.; Zheng, Z.; Sun, L.; Deng, X.; Zhong, X. Int. J. Mol. Med., 2018, 42(5), 2515-2526.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2018.3859] [PMID: 30226547]
[102]
Li, Y.; Yu, H.; Xu, Z.; Shi, S.; Wang, D.; Shi, X.; Wang, Y.; Zeng, B.; Deng, H.; Deng, X.; Zhong, X. Mol. Med. Rep., 2019, 19(2), 1185-1193.
[PMID: 30569102]
[103]
Mathes, A.M. World J. Gastroenterol., 2010, 16(48), 6087-6097.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v16.i48.6087] [PMID: 21182223]
[104]
Murawska-Ciałowicz, E.; Jethon, Z.; Magdalan, J.; Januszewska, L.; Podhorska-Okołów, M.; Zawadzki, M.; Sozański, T.; Dzięgiel, P. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol., 2011, 63(1-2), 97-103.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2009.10.002] [PMID: 19944579]
[105]
Liang, Y-L.; Zhang, Z-H.; Liu, X-J.; Liu, X-Q.; Tao, L.; Zhang, Y-F.; Wang, H.; Zhang, C.; Chen, X.; Xu, D-X. PLoS One, 2012, 7(12), e51911.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051911] [PMID: 23272189]
[106]
Kang, J.W.; Koh, E.J.; Lee, S.M. J. Pineal Res., 2011, 50(4), 403-411.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00858.x] [PMID: 21355876]
[107]
Saad, R.A. EL-Bab, M.F.; Shalaby, A.A.; EL-Bab, M. F.; Shalaby, A.A. J. Taibah Univ. Sci., 2013, 7(2), 88-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2013.04.008]
[108]
Bharti, V.K.; Srivastava, R.; Kumar, H.; Bag, S.; Majumdar, A.; Singh, G.; Pandi-Perumal, S.; Brown, G.M. Advances in pharmacological sciences, 2014, 2014, 532969.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/532969]
[109]
Oleshchuk, O.; Ivankiv, Y.; Falfushynska, H.; Mudra, A.; Lisnychuk, N. Medicina (Kaunas), 2019, 55(6), 304.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060304] [PMID: 31238587]
[110]
Deng, W.S.; Xu, Q.; Liu, Y.E.; Jiang, C.H.; Zhou, H.; Gu, L. Exp. Ther. Med., 2016, 11(5), 1955-1960.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3160] [PMID: 27168834]
[111]
Hanedan Uslu, G.; Canyilmaz, E.; Serdar, L. Ersöz, Ş. Mol. Clin. Oncol., 2019, 10(2), 261-266.
[PMID: 30680205]
[112]
Rosa, D.P.; Bona, S.; Simonetto, D.; Zettler, C.; Marroni, C.A.; Marroni, N.P. Arq. Gastroenterol., 2010, 47(1), 72-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-28032010000100013] [PMID: 20520979]
[113]
Sun, H.; Wang, X.; Chen, J.; Song, K.; Gusdon, A.M.; Li, L.; Bu, L.; Qu, S. Lipids Health Dis., 2016, 15(1), 202.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-016-0370-9] [PMID: 27876064]
[114]
Lee, I-C.; Kim, S-H.; Baek, H-S.; Moon, C.; Bae, C-S.; Kim, S-H.; Yun, W-K.; Nam, K-H.; Kim, H-C.; Kim, J-C. Mol. Cell. Toxicol., 2013, 9(3), 257-265.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13273-013-0033-0]
[115]
Wang, T-Y.; Li, Y.; Wu, X.; Yang, X.L.; Wang, Y.; Wang, D. Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 2018, 80(6), 1100-1107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000461]
[116]
Ferreira, M.A., Jr; Azevedo, H.; Mascarello, A.; Segretti, N.D.; Russo, E.; Russo, V.; Guimarães, C.R.W. J. Med. Chem., 2021, 64(4), 1904-1929.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00627] [PMID: 33626870]
[117]
Chawla, S.; Yadav, R.; Shah, D.; Rao, M. Fluoride, 2008, 41(1), 44.
[118]
Choi, H-S.; Kang, J-W.; Lee, S-M. Transl. Res., 2015, 166(3), 292-303.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2015.04.002] [PMID: 25936762]
[119]
Hu, C.; Zhao, L.; Tao, J.; Li, L. J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2019, 23(11), 7151-7162.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14634] [PMID: 31475778]
[120]
Kamalian, A.; Sohrabi Asl, M.; Dolatshahi, M.; Afshari, K.; Shamshiri, S.; Momeni Roudsari, N.; Momtaz, S.; Rahimi, R.; Abdollahi, M.; Abdolghaffari, A.H. World J. Gastroenterol., 2020, 26(24), 3365-3400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i24.3365] [PMID: 32655263]
[121]
Xie, W.Q.; Chen, S.F.; Tao, X.H.; Zhang, L.Y.; Hu, P.W.; Pan, W.L.; Fan, Y.B.; Li, Y.S. Aging Dis., 2021, 12(1), 297-307.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.14336/AD.2020.0519] [PMID: 33532142]
[122]
Drobnik, J.; Dabrowski, R. Cytobios, 1996, 85(340), 51-58.
[PMID: 8771768]
[123]
Colares, J.R.; Schemitt, E.G.; Hartmann, R.M.; Licks, F.; Soares, M.D.; Bosco, A.D.; Marroni, N.P. World J. Gastroenterol., 2016, 22(40), 8918-8928.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8918] [PMID: 27833383]
[124]
Hatzis, G.; Ziakas, P.; Kavantzas, N.; Triantafyllou, A.; Sigalas, P.; Andreadou, I.; Ioannidis, K.; Chatzis, S.; Filis, K.; Papalampros, A.; Sigala, F. World J. Hepatol., 2013, 5(4), 160-169.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v5.i4.160] [PMID: 23671720]
[125]
Balahoroğlu, R.; Dülger, H.; Özbek, H.; Bayram, İ.; Şekeroğlu, M.R. Eur. J. Gen. Med, 2008, 5(3), 157-164.
[126]
Ohta, Y.; Kongo, M.; Sasaki, E.; Ishiguro, I.; Harada, N. J. Pineal Res., 2000, 29(1), 15-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-079X.2000.290103.x] [PMID: 10949536]
[127]
Tahan, V.; Ozaras, R.; Canbakan, B.; Uzun, H.; Aydin, S.; Yildirim, B.; Aytekin, H.; Ozbay, G.; Mert, A.; Senturk, H. J. Pineal Res., 2004, 37(2), 78-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2004.00137.x] [PMID: 15298665]
[128]
Mayo, J.C.; Sainz, R.M.; González Menéndez, P.; Cepas, V.; Tan, D.X.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2017, 62(2), e12391.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12391] [PMID: 28109165]
[129]
Rodriguez, C.; Mayo, J.C.; Sainz, R.M.; Antolín, I.; Herrera, F.; Martín, V.; Reiter, R.J. J. Pineal Res., 2004, 36(1), 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1600-079X.2003.00092.x] [PMID: 14675124]
[130]
Karaaslan, C.; Suzen, S. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 2015, 15(9), 894-903.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150220120946] [PMID: 25697560]
[131]
Othman, M. S.; Fareid, M. A.; Abdel Hameed, R. S.; Abdel Moneim, A. E. Oxidative Med. Cell. Longevity, 2020, 2020
[132]
Guo, R.; Zheng, H.; Li, Q.; Qiu, X.; Zhang, J. Cheng. Z. Reprod. Biol., 2021, 22(1), 100594.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100594] [PMID: 34953312]
[133]
Sharma, S.; Singh, H.; Ahmad, N.; Mishra, P.; Tiwari, A. Arch. Endocrinol. Metab., 2015, 59(5), 391-399.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2359-3997000000098] [PMID: 26331226]
[134]
Gül, M.; Emre, S. Eşrefoğlu, M.; Vard, N. Cornea, 2008, 27(7), 795-801.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0b013e318169d67c] [PMID: 18650666]
[135]
Rodríguez, V.; Mellado, C.; Alvarez, E.; De Diego, J.G.; Blázquez, E. J. Pineal Res., 1989, 6(1), 77-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.1989.tb00405.x] [PMID: 2537898]
[136]
Amin, A.H.; El-Missiry, M.A.; Othman, A.I. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2015, 747, 166-173.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.12.002] [PMID: 25510232]
[137]
Reiter, R.J.; Tan, D.X.; Rosales-Corral, S.; Galano, A.; Zhou, X.J.; Xu, B. Molecules, 2018, 23(2), 509.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23020509] [PMID: 29495303]
[138]
Teodoro, B.G.; Baraldi, F.G.; Sampaio, I.H.; Bomfim, L.H.; Queiroz, A.L.; Passos, M.A.; Carneiro, E.M.; Alberici, L.C.; Gomis, R.; Amaral, F.G.; Cipolla-Neto, J.; Araújo, M.B.; Lima, T.; Akira Uyemura, S.; Silveira, L.R.; Vieira, E. J. Pineal Res., 2014, 57(2), 155-167.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12157] [PMID: 24981026]
[139]
Peschke, E.; Bähr, I.; Mühlbauer, E. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14(4), 6981-7015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14046981] [PMID: 23535335]
[140]
Nishida, S.; Segawa, T.; Murai, I.; Nakagawa, S. J. Pineal Res., 2002, 32(1), 26-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-079x.2002.10797.x] [PMID: 11841597]
[141]
Abdel-Wahab, M.H.; Abd-Allah, A.R. Pharmacol. Res., 2000, 41(5), 533-537.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/phrs.1999.0614] [PMID: 10753552]
[142]
Wei, J.; Wang, Y.; Qi, X.; Fan, Z.; Wu, Y. Am. J. Transl. Res., 2020, 12(5), 1584-1599.
[PMID: 32509163]
[143]
Khorsand, M.; Akmali, M.; Sharzad, S.; Beheshtitabar, M. Iran. J. Med. Sci., 2016, 41(4), 305-313.
[PMID: 27365552]
[144]
Li, Y.; Li, S.; Zhou, Y.; Meng, X.; Zhang, J-J.; Xu, D-P.; Li, H-B. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(24), 39896-39921.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.16379] [PMID: 28415828]
[145]
Di Bella, G.; Mascia, F.; Gualano, L.; Di Bella, L. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14(2), 2410-2430.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14022410] [PMID: 23348932]
[146]
Talib, W.H.; Alsayed, A.R.; Abuawad, A.; Daoud, S.; Mahmod, A.I. Molecules, 2021, 26(9), 2506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092506] [PMID: 33923028]
[147]
Menéndez-Menéndez, J.; Martínez-Campa, C. Int. J. Endocrinol., 2018, 2018, 3271948.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3271948]
[148]
Gurunathan, S.; Qasim, M.; Kang, M-H.; Kim, J-H. OncoTargets Ther., 2021, 14, 2019-2052.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S298512] [PMID: 33776451]
[149]
Reiter, R.J.; Rosales-Corral, S.A.; Tan, D-X.; Acuna-Castroviejo, D.; Qin, L.; Yang, S-F.; Xu, K. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2017, 18(4), 843.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040843] [PMID: 28420185]
[150]
Jin, Y.; Choi, Y.J.; Heo, K.; Park, S.J. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2021, 22(1), 438.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010438] [PMID: 33406787]
[151]
Mao, L.; Yuan, L.; Slakey, L.M.; Jones, F.E.; Burow, M.E.; Hill, S.M. Breast Cancer Res., 2010, 12(6), R107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bcr2794] [PMID: 21167057]
[152]
Paroni, R.; Terraneo, L.; Bonomini, F.; Finati, E.; Virgili, E.; Bianciardi, P.; Favero, G.; Fraschini, F.; Reiter, R.J.; Rezzani, R.; Samaja, M. J. Pineal Res., 2014, 57(1), 43-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12142] [PMID: 24786921]
[153]
Lissoni, P.; Rovelli, F.; Malugani, F.; Bucovec, R.; Conti, A.; Maestroni, G. J. Neuroendocrinol. Lett., 2001, 22(1), 45-47.
[PMID: 11335879]
[154]
Song, J.; Ma, S-J.; Luo, J-H.; Zhang, H.; Wang, R-X.; Liu, H.; Li, L.; Zhang, Z-G.; Zhou, R-X. Oncol. Rep., 2018, 39(4), 1975-1983.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6282] [PMID: 29484412]
[155]
González, A.; Alonso-González, C.; González-González, A.; Menéndez-Menéndez, J.; Cos, S.; Martínez-Campa, C. Cancers (Basel), 2021, 13(13), 3263.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13133263] [PMID: 34209857]
[156]
Jang, S.S.; Kim, W.D.; Park, W.Y. J. Pineal Res., 2009, 47(2), 147-155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2009.00694.x] [PMID: 19555448]
[157]
Paredes, S.D.; Forman, K.A.; García, C.; Vara, E.; Escames, G.; Tresguerres, J.A. Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig., 2014, 18(2), 79-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2014-0016] [PMID: 25390004]
[158]
Okatani, Y.; Wakatsuki, A.; Reiter, R.J.; Enzan, H.; Miyahara, Y. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2003, 469(1-3), 145-152.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(03)01643-1] [PMID: 12782196]
[159]
Ahmadiasl, N.; Banaei, S.; Alihemmati, A.; Baradaran, B.; Azimian, E. Adv. Pharm. Bull., 2014, 4(1), 49-54.
[PMID: 24409409]
[160]
Sun, H.; Gusdon, A.M.; Qu, S. Curr. Opin. Lipidol., 2016, 27(4), 408-413.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOL.0000000000000314] [PMID: 27075419]
[161]
Subramanian, P.; Mirunalini, S.; Pandi-Perumal, S.R.; Trakht, I.; Cardinali, D.P. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2007, 571(2-3), 116-119.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.06.011] [PMID: 17720153]
[162]
Agil, A.; Navarro-Alarcón, M.; Ruiz, R.; Abuhamadah, S.; El-Mir, M.Y.; Vázquez, G.F. J. Pineal Res., 2011, 50(2), 207-212.
[PMID: 21087312]
[163]
Guney, M.; Erdemoglu, E.; Mungan, T.; Selenium–Vitamin, E. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 2011, 143(2), 1091-1102.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-010-8951-3] [PMID: 21240568]
[164]
Lebda, M.A.; Sadek, K.M.; Abouzed, T.K.; Tohamy, H.G.; El-Sayed, Y.S. Life Sci., 2018, 192, 136-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.036] [PMID: 29180002]
[165]
Das, N.; Mandala, A.; Naaz, S.; Giri, S.; Jain, M.; Bandyopadhyay, D.; Reiter, R.J.; Roy, S.S. J. Pineal Res., 2017, 62(4), e12404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12404] [PMID: 28247434]
[166]
Meng, X.; Li, Y.; Li, S.; Zhou, Y.; Gan, R-Y.; Xu, D-P.; Li, H-B. Nutrients, 2017, 9(4), 367.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9040367] [PMID: 28387721]
[167]
Malhotra, S.; Sawhney, G.; Pandhi, P. Medscape General Medicine, 2004, 6(2), 46.
[168]
Vriend, J.; Reiter, R.J. Mol. Cellular Endocrinol. J., 2015, 401, 213-220.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
15
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy