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CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5273
ISSN (Online): 1996-3181

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Research Article

Neuroprotective Efficacy of Edaravone against Arsenic-Induced Behavioral and Neurochemical Deficits in Rats: Amelioration of Cholinergic and Mitochondrial Functions

Author(s): Mandeep K. Arora*, Deepika Singh, Ritu Tomar and Ashok Jangra*

Volume 22, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 01 April, 2022

Page: [125 - 136] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220225112241

open access plus

Abstract

Background: A substantial amount of evidence indicates that long-term arsenic exposure leads to various types of pathological complications, especially cognitive dysfunction.

Objective: The present study was designed to assess the neuroprotective potential of edaravone (a potent free radical scavenger) against arsenic-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Arsenic (20 mg/kg/day; p.o.) and Edaravone (5 and 10 mg/kg/day; i.p.) were administered in different experimental groups for 28 days.

Results: The results of various behavioral test paradigms revealed that arsenic caused significant learning and memory deficits, along with anxiety-like behavior. In biochemical analysis, we found marked elevations of oxidative-nitrosative stress (indicated by augmentation of lipid peroxidation and nitrite) and a reduction of glutathione levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex region of arsenictreated rats. Moreover, arsenic administration caused mitochondrial complexes impairment and reduction of acetylcholinesterase level. On the other hand, chronic treatment with edaravone (10 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the arsenic-induced behavioral deficits and neurochemical anomalies.

Conclusion: This study suggests that edaravone confers neuroprotection against arsenic-induced memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior, which may be attributed to the inhibition of oxidativenitrosative stress and amelioration of cholinergic and mitochondrial functions.

Keywords: Arsenic, edaravone, oxidative-nitrosative stress, neurotoxicity, cognitive deficits, hippocampus.

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