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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

2D Materials-Based Aptamer Biosensors: Present Status and Way Forward

Author(s): Raj Kumar Sen, Priyanka Prabhakar, Neha Bisht, Monika Patel, Shruti Mishra, Amit K. Yadav, Divya V. Venu, Gaurav Kumar Gupta, Pratima R. Solanki, Seeram Ramakrishnan, D.P. Mondal, Avanish Kumar Srivastava, Neeraj Dwivedi* and Chetna Dhand*

Volume 29, Issue 37, 2022

Published on: 24 January, 2022

Page: [5815 - 5849] Pages: 35

DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211213115723

Price: $65

Abstract

Current advances in constructing functional nanomaterials and elegantly designed nanostructures have opened up new possibilities for the fabrication of viable field biosensors. Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have fascinated much attention due to their chemical, optical, physicochemical, and electronic properties. They are ultrathin nanomaterials with unique properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, surface charge, shape, high anisotropy, and adjustable chemical functionality. 2DMs such as graphene-based 2D materials, Silicate clays, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and transition metal oxides (TMOs) offer intensified physicochemical and biological functionality and have proven to be very promising candidates for biological applications and technologies. 2DMs have a multivalent structure that can easily bind to single-stranded DNA/RNA (aptamers) through covalent, non-covalent, hydrogen bond, and π-stacking interactions, whereas aptamers have a small size, excellent chemical stability, and low immunogenicity with high affinity and specificity. This review discussed the potential of various 2D material-based aptasensor for diagnostic applications, e.g., protein detection, environmental monitoring, pathogens detection, etc.

Keywords: Aptamer, biosensor, 2D material, mxene, graphene, diagnosis.

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