摘要
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种不可逆转的、进行性神经退行性疾病,是老年人中痴呆的最常见原因。这种疾病没有有效的治疗方法,而且由于向患者提供护理的巨额费用,其人数将随着人口年龄的增长而增加,因此引起了巨大的社会关切。虽然有多种原因被认为是散发性AD发病的重要因素,但年龄增长是一个统一的危险因素。除了淀粉样蛋白-β (a β)和tau蛋白在AD的起始和发展中发挥关键作用外,线粒体生物能和动力学的受损可能是AD发病的主要病因,并有许多潜在的起源,包括a β和tau蛋白。线粒体功能障碍是明显的中枢神经系统(CNS)和系统早期的疾病过程。解决这些多重线粒体缺陷是线粒体系统生物学的主要挑战。我们回顾了线粒体损伤的证据,包括线粒体DNA (mtDNA)突变、mtDNA表观遗传修饰、基因表达改变、有丝分裂发生受损、氧化应激、蛋白质转换改变和细胞器动力学(裂变和融合)改变。我们还讨论了治疗方法,包括针对每个水平的缺陷的重新利用的药物、表观遗传修饰物和生活方式的改变,这些可能会改变这种进行性、异质性疾病的进程,同时认识到未来成功的治疗可能需要一种组合方法。
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,线粒体,mtDNA,生物能学,β-淀粉样蛋白,表观遗传修饰物,生活方式改变,再用途药物。
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Mitochondrially-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease
Volume: 18 Issue: 10
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,线粒体,mtDNA,生物能学,β-淀粉样蛋白,表观遗传修饰物,生活方式改变,再用途药物。
摘要: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia among older adults. There are no effective treatments available for the disease, and it is associated with great societal concern because of the substantial costs of providing care to its sufferers, whose numbers will increase as populations age. While multiple causes have been proposed to be significant contributors to the onset of sporadic AD, increased age is a unifying risk factor. In addition to amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein playing a key role in the initiation and progression of AD, impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics are likely major etiological factors in AD pathogenesis and have many potential origins, including Aβ and tau. Mitochondrial dysfunction is evident in the central nervous system (CNS) and systemically early in the disease process. Addressing these multiple mitochondrial deficiencies is a major challenge of mitochondrial systems biology. We review evidence for mitochondrial impairments ranging from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations to epigenetic modification of mtDNA, altered gene expression, impaired mitobiogenesis, oxidative stress, altered protein turnover and changed organelle dynamics (fission and fusion). We also discuss therapeutic approaches, including repurposed drugs, epigenetic modifiers, and lifestyle changes that target each level of deficiency which could potentially alter the course of this progressive, heterogeneous Disease while being cognizant that successful future therapeutics may require a combinatorial approach.
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Mitochondrially-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2021; 18 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666211208125855
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205018666211208125855 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
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