Generic placeholder image

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

Transglutaminase-Catalyzed Reactions Responsible for the Pathogenesis ofCeliac Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Basic Biochemistry to Clinic

Author(s): A. Martin, G. Romito, I. Pepe, G. De Vivo, M. R. Merola, A. Limatola and V. Gentile

Volume 13, Issue 16, 2006

Page: [1895 - 1902] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/092986706777585068

Price: $65

Abstract

Transglutaminases (TGases) are enzymes which catalyze the cross linking of a glutaminyl residue of a protein/peptide substrate to a lysyl residue of a protein/peptide co-substrate with the formation of an N-gamma-(epsilon- L-glutamyl)-L-lysine [GGEL] cross link (isopeptidic bond) and the concomitant release of ammonia. Such cross-linked proteins are often highly insoluble. The TGases are closely related enzymes and can also catalyze other important reactions for cell life. Recently, several findings concerning the relationships between the biochemical activities of the TGases and the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for some human diseases, have been reported. For example, some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimers disease (AD), Huntingtons disease (HD), Parkinson ’ s disease (PD), supranuclear palsy, etc., are characterized in part by aberrant cerebral TGase activity and by increased cross-linked proteins in affected brains. Our article describes the biochemistry and the physio-pathological roles of the TGase enzymes, with particular reference to human pathologies in which the molecular mechanism of disease can be due to biochemical activities of the tissue TGase enzyme (tTGase, type 2), such as in a very common human disease, Celiac Disease (CD), and also in certain neuropsychiatric disorders.

Keywords: Transglutaminases, post-translational modifications of proteins, celiac disease, neurodegenerative diseases, enzyme inhibitors


Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy