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Review Article

基于结构的抗癌疫苗设计：抗原呈递对增强免疫反应的意义

卷 29, 期 7, 2022

发表于: 10 August, 2021

页: [1258 - 1270] 页: 13

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867328666210810152917

价格: $65

摘要

免疫疗法，单独或与其他疗法结合，被广泛用于抗癌。糖蛋白粘蛋白 1 (MUC1) 在肿瘤细胞中过度表达和异常糖基化，是设计新癌症疫苗的最有希望的候选者之一。在这种情况下，必须开发能够引发强烈免疫反应的稳定抗原。在这里，我们描述了基于 MUC1 糖肽的三种候选疫苗的设计和体内生物学评估，这些 MUC1 糖肽在其结构中包含非天然元素。通过将 Tn 抗原 (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr) 置于设计的中心，化学修饰包括肽骨架、糖苷键和碳水化合物水平的变化。值得注意的是，这三种疫苗在小鼠体内引发了强烈的免疫反应，并产生了可以被几种人类癌细胞识别的抗体。在所有情况下，抗原呈递中的新元素诱导的构象变化与小鼠诱导的免疫反应之间建立了联系。根据我们的数据，有效的基于 MUC1 的疫苗的开发应使用模拟肿瘤中发现的异常糖基化 MUC1 糖肽的构象空间的替代物。

关键词: 癌症疫苗、免疫疗法、粘蛋白、糖肽结构、非天然抗原、肿瘤相关碳水化合物、Tn 抗原

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