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ISSN (Print): 1872-2105
ISSN (Online): 2212-4020

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Mini-Review Article

Nanovaccine: A Hope to Triumph the Battle Against Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Author(s): Anurag Kumar Singh, Anand Maurya, Gaurav Mishra, Rajendra Awasthi*, Kamal Dua and Giriraj T. Kulkarni

Volume 17, Issue 1, 2023

Published on: 26 October, 2021

Page: [15 - 17] Pages: 3

DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666210720130736

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has caused the global emergence of coronavirus in humans during the last 12 months. Till May 11, 2021, the confirmed global COVID-19 cases and deaths reached 158551526 and 3296855, respectively.

Methods: Goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose act as the initial infection site of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, mucus immunity is important to protect from infection. The outburst of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be halted only when an effective vaccine will be developed.

Results: Globally, over 100 different vaccines are under investigation, including DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, recombinant/subunit protein vaccines, peptide vaccines, virus-like particles, etc. Inactivated virus vaccines and mRNA, and adenovirus-based vaccines have moved fast into patent clinical trials.

Conclusion: Vaccines containing spike protein of SARS-CoV as subunit could effectively prevent binding of coronavirus to the host cell and membrane fusion. Thus, spike protein can be used as a major target for subunit vaccine preparation.

Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, liposome, nanovaccine, SARS-CoV-2, viral outbreak.

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