Drug-lead Anti-tuberculosis Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review

Title:Drug-lead Anti-tuberculosis Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review

Volume: 21 Issue: 20

Author(s): Shasank S. Swain *, Tahziba Hussain*Sanghamitra Pati

Affiliation:

• Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar-751023, Odisha,India

• Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar-751023, Odisha,India

Keywords: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Exclusive anti-TB phytochemicals, Anti-TB drug development, Structural activity relationship, Clinical drug pipeline for TB, Alkaloid phytochemicals.

Abstract:

Background: Today, the occurrence and recurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains and comorbidities are the main reasons for long-term morbidity and mortality from tuberculosis from the nasty acid-fast pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, discovering and developing well-tolerated and non-toxic antituberculosis regimens are directly needed to defend the variants strains of M. tuberculosis and, alternatively, support WHO’s ‘END-TB’ campaign.

Objective: Alternatively, phytochemicals from various common and medicinal plants have always been vital therapeutic agents since the primitive era. Thus, proper scientific documentation as diversity, potency, structure, drug-chemistry and overall critical analysis are essential tools to accelerate the phytochemical-based anti-TB drug development.

Methods: In the present review, we have used some specific keywords such as ‘antituberculosis phytochemicals’, &; antituberculosis phytochemicals from plant source&; ‘natural products against tuberculosis’ in Google, PubMed, ScienceDirect sites to get more appropriate research publications. Further, based on lower minimum inhibitory concentration within fifty μ g/mL, a total of twohundred- twenty-one bioactive anti-TB phytochemicals were selected for critical drug-chemistry and structural activity relationship analyses to select most potential ‘lead candidate’ for anti-TB drug development.

Results: Based on lower concentration, abietane, ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ergosterol peroxide, mono-O-methyl curcumin isoxazole, 7-methyljuglone, 12-demethylmulticaulin, 12-methyl-5- dehydroacetylhorminone, tryptanthrin, etc. are some of the potential anti-TB phytochemicals. Interestingly, existing and clinical drug pipelines for TB contain several active phytochemical pharmacophores illustrated from the structural analysis.

Conclusion: Therefore, updated experimental documentation and structural-cum-critical drugchemistry analysis on isolated antituberculosis phytochemicals at the primary level are more beneficial for drug developers, R&D centres, and pharmaceutical companies to accelerate anti-TB drug development using phytochemicals.

Cite this article as:

Swain S. Shasank *, Hussain Tahziba *, Pati Sanghamitra , Drug-lead Anti-tuberculosis Phytochemicals: A Systematic Review, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 21 (20) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026621666210705170510