摘要
背景:子宫内膜癌是世界范围内女性第四常见的恶性肿瘤。据估计,2020年美国发生了65620例新病例和12.590例随后死亡。II型和晚期子宫内膜癌患者目前的治疗效果不佳。因此,应该更好地了解子宫内膜癌,以便开发更有效的治疗方法。 目的:综述子宫内膜癌的遗传、代谢特征、治疗策略及纳米技术的应用现状。 方法:检索Pubmed相关文献,进行系统综述。 结果:低氧诱导因子-1和Von Hippel-Lindau因子参与了子宫内膜癌的发生发展,Nrf2与肿瘤发生相关。在子宫内膜癌中发现了多种基因改变。检查异常X染色体失活可能有助于诊断子宫内膜癌及其癌前病变。在转基因小鼠模型中发现了一些缺失的肿瘤抑制基因和激活的癌基因。子宫内膜癌中发现糖脂代谢紊乱。目前的治疗策略主要集中在HIF-1α途径、mTOR途径以及免疫治疗。纳米技术在子宫内膜癌的早期诊断、转移判断和治疗方面显示出巨大的潜力。 结论:子宫内膜癌已被广泛了解,但其发病机制尚不清楚,这可能是新的诊断、预后和治疗靶点的来源。纳米药物治疗子宫内膜癌的研究较少,但目前的研究在治疗子宫内膜癌方面取得了良好的效果。需要进一步研究。
关键词: 子宫内膜癌,遗传学,代谢重编程,纳米颗粒,Nrf2, HIF+1α。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Endometrial Cancer: Genetic, Metabolic Characteristics, Therapeutic Strategies and Nanomedicine
Volume: 28 Issue: 42
关键词: 子宫内膜癌,遗传学,代谢重编程,纳米颗粒,Nrf2, HIF+1α。
摘要:
Background: Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in female population worldwide. It was estimated that 65,620 new cases and 12.590 subsequent deaths occurred in 2020 in the United States. Patients with type II and advanced endometrial cancer do not respond well to the current treatments. Therefore, endometrial cancer should be better understood in order to develop more effective treatments.
Objective: To provide an overview of genetic, metabolic characteristics, therapeutic strategies and current application of nanotechnology surrounding endometrial cancer.
Methods: Relevant articles were retrieved from Pubmed and were systematically reviewed.
Results: Hypoxia inducible factor-1 and Von Hippel-Lindau factor participated in oncogenesis and progression of endometrial cancer and Nrf2 was associated with oncogenesis. Various genetic alterations were found in endometrial cancer. Examining the abnormal X chromosome inactivation may help in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer and its precancerous lesions. Some absent tumor suppressor genes, activated oncogenes were revealed by the genetically modified mouse models. Disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism were found in endometrial cancer. Current therapeutic strategies focused on the HIF-1α pathway, the mTOR pathway as well as the immunotherapy. Nanotechnology showed great potential in endometrial cancer’s early diagnosis, metastasis determination and treatment.
Conclusion: Endometrial cancer has been understood in various aspects but the underlying mechanisms still remain relatively unknown, which might be the source of novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets. Nanomedicine in endometrial cancer is poorly studied but the current researches showed great results in treating endometrial cancer. It needs further researching.
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Cite this article as:
Endometrial Cancer: Genetic, Metabolic Characteristics, Therapeutic Strategies and Nanomedicine, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (42) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210705144456
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210705144456 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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