Abstract
In the absence of a vaccine which could stop the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the development of therapeutic options is of utmost interest. The combined use of inhibitors of reverse transcriptase and protease as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) provided the first effective treatment of HIV/AIDS and significantly decreased the number of AIDS related deaths in industrialized countries. However, the emergence of resistant viruses and the toxic side effects of HAART highlights that novel therapies are urgently required. The inhibition of HIV-1 entry is a promising option. Entry of HIV-1 into target cells involves interactions of the viral envelope protein (Env) with CD4 and a coreceptor, usually CCR5 or CXCR4. Env binding to receptor triggers several conformational rearrangements in Env, which involve the creation and/or exposure of structural intermediates pivotal to fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. Both, cellular receptors and structures in Env associated with membrane fusion are targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we will discuss how HIV-1 enters cells and introduce strategies how this process can be inhibited.
Keywords: HAART, nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), CD4 binding, gp120, Cyanovirin-N, CXCR4 inhibitors
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Cellular Entry of HIV: Evaluation of Therapeutic Targets
Volume: 12 Issue: 16
Author(s): Stefan Pohlmann and Jacqueline D Reeves
Affiliation:
Keywords: HAART, nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), CD4 binding, gp120, Cyanovirin-N, CXCR4 inhibitors
Abstract: In the absence of a vaccine which could stop the HIV/AIDS pandemic, the development of therapeutic options is of utmost interest. The combined use of inhibitors of reverse transcriptase and protease as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) provided the first effective treatment of HIV/AIDS and significantly decreased the number of AIDS related deaths in industrialized countries. However, the emergence of resistant viruses and the toxic side effects of HAART highlights that novel therapies are urgently required. The inhibition of HIV-1 entry is a promising option. Entry of HIV-1 into target cells involves interactions of the viral envelope protein (Env) with CD4 and a coreceptor, usually CCR5 or CXCR4. Env binding to receptor triggers several conformational rearrangements in Env, which involve the creation and/or exposure of structural intermediates pivotal to fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. Both, cellular receptors and structures in Env associated with membrane fusion are targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we will discuss how HIV-1 enters cells and introduce strategies how this process can be inhibited.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Pohlmann Stefan and Reeves D Jacqueline, Cellular Entry of HIV: Evaluation of Therapeutic Targets, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2006; 12 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206777442155
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206777442155 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Impact of Self-Assembly in Medicine and Pharmacology
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Augmentation Strategies to Improve Treatment of Major Depression
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Exploring Genetic Diversity in Plants Using High-Throughput Sequencing Techniques
Current Genomics Interactions Between Growth Hormone and the Thyroid Gland - with Special Reference to Biochemical Diagnosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry Autoantibodies Profile in Matching CSF and Serum from AD and aMCI patients: Potential Pathogenic Role and Link to Oxidative Damage
Current Alzheimer Research Proteolytic Degradation of the Amyloid β-Protein: The Forgotten Side of Alzheimers Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Nutraceuticals, Nutritional Therapy, Phytonutrients, and Phytotherapy for Improvement of Human Health: A Perspective on Plant Biotechnology Application
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Nose to Brain Delivery of Nanoformulations for Neurotherapeutics in Parkinson’s Disease: Defining the Preclinical, Clinical and Toxicity Issues
Current Drug Delivery Pharmacogenomics of Essential Hypertension: Are We Going the Right Way?
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Determinants of Smoking Cessation Attempts Among HIV-Infected Patients: Results from a Hospital-Based Prospective Cohort
Current HIV Research Therapeutic HIV Vaccines
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Modulation of Potassium Channels as a Therapeutic Approach
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutic Implications of Tocilizumab, A Humanized Anti-Interleukin-6 Receptor Antibody, for Various Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Update Review
Current Rheumatology Reviews MicroRNAs: Regulators of TLR2-Mediated Probiotic Immune Responses
MicroRNA von Willebrand Factor, von Willebrand Factor-Cleaving Protease, and Shear Stress
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Effect of Doxycycline on Atherosclerosis: From Bench to Bedside
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2: A Doorway for SARS-CoV-2
Coronaviruses The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Essential Hypertension
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry TRPV1: On the Road to Pain Relief
Current Molecular Pharmacology Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Intestina Damage
Current Molecular Medicine