Review Article

伤口愈合的策略和疗法:回顾

卷 23, 期 1, 2022

发表于: 15 April, 2021

页: [87 - 98] 页: 12

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450122666210415101218

摘要

伤口愈合是一个复杂且永无止境的过程,涉及许多直接或间接参与该机制的介质、酶级联反应。 因此,在设计伤口敷料时,有必要仔细检查气体交换、潮湿环境、抗菌活性和渗出液的吸收等关键因素。 有大量可供人类使用的伤口敷料,但它们都与理想的敷料相去甚远。 使用生物聚合物可能是解决诸如与可引发伤口愈合的生长因子和细胞结合等困难的解决方案。 本文回顾了用于伤口愈合应用的此类疗法。

关键词: 伤口愈合、水凝胶、皮肤替代物、三维打印、水胶体、创伤组织。

« Previous
图形摘要

[1]
Gallo RL. Human skin is the largest epithelial surface for interaction with microbes. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137(6): 1213-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.11.045] [PMID: 28395897]
[2]
Hearing VJ. Biogenesis of pigment granules: a sensitive way to regulate melanocyte function. J Dermatol Sci 2005; 37(1): 3-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2004.08.014] [PMID: 15619429]
[3]
Lehmann B, Querings K, Reichrath J. Vitamin D and skin: New aspects for dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2004; 13: 11-5.
[4]
Garssen J, Vandebriel RJ, van Loveren H. Molecular aspects of UVB-lnduced immunosuppression. Applied Toxicology: Approaches Through Basic Science Springer. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 1997; pp. 97-109.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60682-3_9]
[5]
Campbell I. Body temperature and its regulation. Anaesth Intensive Care Med 2008; 9(6): 259-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2008.04.009]
[6]
Fuchs E. Skin stem cells: rising to the surface. J Cell Biol 2008; 180(2): 273-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200708185] [PMID: 18209104]
[7]
Kujath P, Michelsen A. Wounds - from physiology to wound dressing. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2008; 105(13): 239-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2008.0558] [PMID: 19629204]
[8]
Bowler PG, Duerden BI, Armstrong DG. Wound microbiology and associated approaches to wound management. Clin Microbiol Rev 2001; 14(2): 244-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.2.244-269.2001] [PMID: 11292638]
[9]
Pereira RF, Bártolo PJ. Traditional therapies for skin wound healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5(5): 208-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/wound.2013.0506] [PMID: 27134765]
[10]
Sarabahi S. Recent advances in topical wound care. Indian J Plast Surg 2012; 45(2): 379-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.101321] [PMID: 23162238]
[11]
Cañedo-Dorantes L, Cañedo-Ayala M. Skin acute wound healing: a comprehensive review. Int J Inflamm 2019; 2019: 3706315.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3706315] [PMID: 31275545]
[12]
Martin C, Low WL, Amin MC, Radecka I, Raj P, Kenward K. Current trends in the development of wound dressings, biomaterials and devices. Pharm Pat Anal 2013; 2(3): 341-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/ppa.13.18] [PMID: 24237061]
[13]
Gupta A, Kowalczuk M, Heaselgrave W, Britland ST, Martin C, Radecka I. The production and application of hydrogels for wound management: A review. Eur Polym J 2019; 111: 134-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.019]
[14]
Dhivya S, Padma VV, Santhini E. Wound dressings: a review. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5(4): 24-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7603/s40681-015-0022-9] [PMID: 26615540]
[15]
Kamoun EA, Kenawy ES, Chen X. A review on polymeric hydrogel membranes for wound dressing applications: PVA-based hydrogel dressings. J Adv Res 2017; 8(3): 217-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2017.01.005] [PMID: 28239493]
[16]
Moshakis V, Fordyce MJ, Griffiths JD, McKinna JA. Tegadern versus gauze dressing in breast surgery. Br J Clin Pract 1984; 38(4): 149-52.
[PMID: 6722002]
[17]
Weller CD, Team V, Sussman G. First-line interactive wound dressing update: A comprehensive review of the evidence. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11(155): 155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00155] [PMID: 32180720]
[18]
Üstündağ Okur N, Hökenek N, Okur ME, et al. An alternative approach to wound healing field; new composite films from natural polymers for mupirocin dermal delivery. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27(5): 738-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.010] [PMID: 31297030]
[19]
Jenks M, Craig J, Green W, Hewitt N, Arber M, Sims A. Tegaderm CHG IV securement dressing for central venous and arterial catheter insertion sites: a NICE medical technology guidance. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2016; 14(2): 135-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40258-015-0202-5] [PMID: 26458938]
[20]
Mir M, Ali MN, Barakullah A, et al. Synthetic polymeric biomaterials for wound healing: a review. Prog Biomater 2018; 7(1): 1-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40204-018-0083-4] [PMID: 29446015]
[21]
Dealey C. Role of hydrocolloids in wound management. Br J Nurs 1993; 2(7): 358-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.1993.2.7.358] [PMID: 8508017]
[22]
Stashak TS, Farstvedt E, Othic A. Update on wound dressings: indications and best use. Clin Tech Equine Pract 2004; 3(2): 148-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ctep.2004.08.006]
[23]
Barr JE, Day AL, Weaver VA, Taler GM. Assessing clinical efficacy of a hydrocolloid/alginate dressing on full-thickness pressure ulcers. Ostomy Wound Manage 1995; 41(3): 28-30.
[PMID: 7546113]
[24]
Hermans MH. HydroColloid dressing (Duoderm) for the treatment of superficial and deep partial thickness burns. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 1987; 21(3): 283-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02844318709086461] [PMID: 3327160]
[25]
Boyko TV, Longaker MT, Yang GP. Review of the current management of pressure ulcers. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2018; 7(2): 57-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/wound.2016.0697] [PMID: 29392094]
[26]
Hutchinson JJ, Lawrence JC. Wound infection under occlusive dressings. J Hosp Infect 1991; 17(2): 83-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-6701(91)90172-5] [PMID: 1674265]
[27]
Nguyen CV, Washington CV, Soon SL. Hydrocolloid dressings promote granulation tissue on exposed bone. Dermatol Surg 2013; 39(1 Pt 1): 123-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dsu.12021] [PMID: 23252680]
[28]
Das S, Baker AB. Biomaterials and nanotherapeutics for enhancing skin wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2016; 4(82): 82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2016.00082] [PMID: 27843895]
[29]
Churochkina NA, Starodoubtsev SG, Khokhlov AR. Swelling and collapse of the gel composites based on neutral and slightly charged poly (acrylamide) gels containing Na-montmorillonite. Polym Gels Netw 1998; 6(3-4): 205-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0966-7822(97)00014-2]
[30]
Zahedi P, Rezaeian I, Ranaei-Siadat SO, Jafari SH, Supaphol P. A review on wound dressings with an emphasis on electrospun nanofibrous polymeric bandages. Polym Adv Technol 2010; 21(2): 77-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1625]
[31]
Nielsen J, Fogh K. Clinical utility of foam dressings in wound management: a review. Chronic Wound Care Management and Research 2015; 2: 31-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/cwcmr.s50832]
[32]
Queen D, Evans JH, Gaylor JD, Courtney JM, Reid WH. Burn wound dressings- a review. Burns 1987; 13(3): 218-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4179(87)90170-7] [PMID: 3607565]
[33]
Namviriyachote N, Lipipun V, Akkhawattanangkul Y, Charoonrut P, Ritthidej GC. Development of polyurethane foam dressing containing silver and asiaticoside for healing of dermal wound. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 14(1): 63-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2018.09.001] [PMID: 32104439]
[34]
Karlsson M, Elmasry M, Steinvall I, Sjöberg F, Olofsson P, Thorfinn J. Superiority of silver-foam over porcine xenograft dressings for treatment of scalds in children: A prospective randomised controlled trial. Burns 2019; 45(6): 1401-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2019.04.004] [PMID: 31230798]
[35]
Bužarovska A, Dinescu S, Lazar AD, et al. Nanocomposite foams based on flexible biobased thermoplastic polyurethane and ZnO nanoparticles as potential wound dressing materials. Mater Sci Eng C 2019; 104(109893): 109893.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.109893] [PMID: 31500045]
[36]
Kim JW, Kim EH, Han GD, et al. Preparation of UV-curable alginate derivatives for drug immobilization on dressing foam. J Ind Eng Chem 2017; 54: 350-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2017.06.015]
[37]
Song EH, Jeong SH, Park JU, Kim S, Kim HE, Song J. Polyurethane-silica hybrid foams from a one-step foaming reaction, coupled with a sol-gel process, for enhanced wound healing. Mater Sci Eng C 2017; 79: 866-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.041] [PMID: 28629091]
[38]
Ahmed EM. Hydrogel: Preparation, characterization, and applications: A review. J Adv Res 2015; 6(2): 105-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2013.07.006] [PMID: 25750745]
[39]
Kopeček J. Hydrogels: From soft contact lenses and implants to self‐assembled nanomaterials. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 2009; 47(22): 5929-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.23607] [PMID: 19918374]
[40]
Caló E, Khutoryanskiy VV. Biomedical applications of hydrogels: A review of patents and commercial products. Eur Polym J 2015; 65: 252-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.11.024]
[41]
Buwalda SJ, Boere KW, Dijkstra PJ, Feijen J, Vermonden T, Hennink WE. Hydrogels in a historical perspective: from simple networks to smart materials. J Control Release 2014; 190: 254-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.052] [PMID: 24746623]
[42]
Li X, Sun Q, Li Q, Kawazoe N, Chen G. Functional hydrogels with tunable structures and properties for tissue engineering applications. Front Chem 2018; 6(499): 499.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00499] [PMID: 30406081]
[43]
Mostafalu P, Tamayol A, Rahimi R, et al. Smart bandage for monitoring and treatment of chronic wounds. Small 2018; 14(33): e1703509.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201703509] [PMID: 29978547]
[44]
Boateng JS, Matthews KH, Stevens HN, Eccleston GM. Wound healing dressings and drug delivery systems: a review. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97(8): 2892-923.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21210] [PMID: 17963217]
[45]
Crowe CS, Chattopadhyay A, McGoldrick R, Chiou G, Pham H, Chang J. Characteristics of reconstituted lyophilized tendon hydrogel: an injectable scaffold for tendon regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016; 137(3): 843-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000480012.41411.7c] [PMID: 26910664]
[46]
Dabiri G, Damstetter E, Phillips T. Choosing a wound dressing based on common wound characteristics. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5(1): 32-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/wound.2014.0586] [PMID: 26858913]
[47]
Sarheed O, Rasool BK, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aziz US. An investigation and characterization on alginate hydogel dressing loaded with metronidazole prepared by combined inotropic gelation and freeze-thawing cycles for controlled release. AAPS PharmSciTech 2015; 16(3): 601-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-014-0237-1] [PMID: 25425388]
[48]
Chakavala SR, Patel NG, Pate NV, Thakkar VT, Patel KV, Gandhi TR. Development and in vivo evaluation of silver sulfadiazine loaded hydrogel consisting polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan for severe burns. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2012; 4(Suppl. 1): S54-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.94131] [PMID: 23066206]
[49]
Naidu VG, Madhusudhana K, Sashidhar RB, et al. Polyelectrolyte complexes of gum kondagogu and chitosan, as diclofenac carriers. Carbohydr Polym 2009; 76(3): 464-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.010]
[50]
Balakrishnan B, Mohanty M, Umashankar PR, Jayakrishnan A. Evaluation of an in situ forming hydrogel wound dressing based on oxidized alginate and gelatin. Biomaterials 2005; 26(32): 6335-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.04.012] [PMID: 15919113]
[51]
Chen T, Chen Y, Rehman HU, et al. Ultratough, self-healing, and tissue-adhesive hydrogel for wound dressing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10(39): 33523-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b10064] [PMID: 30204399]
[52]
Singh B, Singh B, Kumar A, Aery S. Polysaccharides sterculia gum/psyllium based hydrogel dressings for drug delivery applications. Polym Sci Ser A 2019; 61(6): 865-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0965545X19060105]
[53]
Mndlovu H, du Toit LC, Kumar P, et al. Development of a fluid-absorptive alginate-chitosan bioplatform for potential application as a wound dressing. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 222(114988): 114988.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.114988] [PMID: 31320082]
[54]
Xing L, Ma Y, Tan H, et al. Alginate membrane dressing toughened by chitosan floccule to load antibacterial drugs for wound healing. Polymer Testing 2019; 79: 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.106039]
[55]
Mogrovejo-Valdivia A, Rahmouni O, Tabary N, et al. In vitro evaluation of drug release and antibacterial activity of a silver-loaded wound dressing coated with a multilayer system. Int J Pharm 2019; 556: 301-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.018] [PMID: 30553954]
[56]
Trinca RB, Westin CB, da Silva JA, Moraes ÂM. Electrospun multilayer chitosan scaffolds as potential wound dressings for skin lesions. Eur Polym J 2017; 88: 161-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.021]
[57]
Li X, Wang C, Yang S, Liu P, Zhang B. Electrospun PCL/mupirocin and chitosan/lidocaine hydrochloride multifunctional double layer nanofibrous scaffolds for wound dressing applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13: 5287-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S177256] [PMID: 30237715]
[58]
Nejaddehbashi F, Hashemitabar M, Bayati V, Abbaspour M, Moghimipour E, Orazizadeh M. Application of polycaprolactone, chitosan, and collagen composite as a nanofibrous mat loaded with silver sulfadiazine and growth factors for wound dressing. Artif Organs 2019; 43(4): 413-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aor.13369] [PMID: 30311249]
[59]
Huang Y, Dan N, Dan W, et al. Bilayered antimicrobial nanofiber membranes for wound dressings via in situ cross-Linking polymerization and electrospinning. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018; 57(50): 17048-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03122]
[60]
Shokrollahi M, Bahrami SH, Nazarpak MH, Solouk A. Multilayer nanofibrous patch comprising chamomile loaded carboxyethyl chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) and polycaprolactone as a potential wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147: 547-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.067] [PMID: 31931054]
[61]
Greaves NS, Iqbal SA, Hodgkinson T, et al. Skin substitute-assisted repair shows reduced dermal fibrosis in acute human wounds validated simultaneously by histology and optical coherence tomography. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 23(4): 483-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12308] [PMID: 26053202]
[62]
Shores JT, Gabriel A, Gupta S. Skin substitutes and alternatives: a review. Adv Skin Wound Care 2007; 20(9 Pt 1): 493-508.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ASW.0000288217.83128.f3] [PMID: 17762218]
[63]
Wainwright DJ. Use of an acellular allograft dermal matrix (AlloDerm) in the management of full-thickness burns. Burns 1995; 21(4): 243-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4179(95)93866-I] [PMID: 7662122]
[64]
Munster AM, Smith-Meek M, Shalom A. Acellular allograft dermal matrix: immediate or delayed epidermal coverage? Burns 2001; 27(2): 150-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-4179(00)00096-6] [PMID: 11226653]
[65]
Achauer BM, VanderKam VM, Celikoz B, Jacobson DG. Augmentation of facial soft-tissue defects with Alloderm dermal graft. Ann Plast Surg 1998; 41(5): 503-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199811000-00009] [PMID: 9827953]
[66]
Nahabedian MY. AlloDerm performance in the setting of prosthetic breast surgery, infection, and irradiation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 124(6): 1743-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181bf8087] [PMID: 19952629]
[67]
Butler CE, Langstein HN, Kronowitz SJ. Pelvic, abdominal, and chest wall reconstruction with AlloDerm in patients at increased risk for mesh-related complications. Plast Reconstr Surg 2005; 116(5): 1263-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000181692.71901.bd] [PMID: 16217466]
[68]
Buinewicz B, Rosen B. Acellular cadaveric dermis (AlloDerm): a new alternative for abdominal hernia repair. Ann Plast Surg 2004; 52(2): 188-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sap.0000100895.41198.27] [PMID: 14745271]
[69]
Tobin HA, Karas ND. Lip augmentation using an alloderm graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 56(6): 722-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90805-9] [PMID: 9632330]
[70]
Pearl AW, Woo P, Ostrowski R, Mojica J, Mandell DL, Costantino P. A preliminary report on micronized AlloDerm injection laryngoplasty. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(6): 990-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200206000-00010] [PMID: 12160297]
[71]
Clemons JL, Myers DL, Aguilar VC, Arya LA. Vaginal paravaginal repair with an AlloDerm graft. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189(6): 1612-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(03)00929-3] [PMID: 14710083]
[72]
Bello YM, Falabella AF, Eaglstein WH. Tissue-engineered skin. Current status in wound healing. Am J Clin Dermatol 2001; 2(5): 305-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128071-200102050-00005] [PMID: 11721649]
[73]
Urciuolo F, Casale C, Imparato G, Netti PA. Bioengineered skin substitutes: The role of extracellular matrix and vascularization in the healing of deep wounds. J Clin Med 2019; 8(12): 1-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8122083]
[74]
Hansbrough JF, Mozingo DW, Kealey GP, Davis M, Gidner A, Gentzkow GD. Clinical trials of a biosynthetic temporary skin replacement, dermagraft-transitional Covering, compared with cryopreserved human cadaver skin for temporary coverage of excised burn wounds. J Burn Care Rehabil 1997; 18(1 Pt 1): 43-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-199701000-00008] [PMID: 9063787]
[75]
Demling RH, DeSanti L. Management of partial thickness facial burns (comparison of topical antibiotics and bio-engineered skin substitutes). Burns 1999; 25(3): 256-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-4179(98)00165-X] [PMID: 10323611]
[76]
Branski LK, Pereira CT, Herndon DN, Jeschke MG. Gene therapy in wound healing: present status and future directions. Gene Ther 2007; 14(1): 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302837] [PMID: 16929353]
[77]
Khavari PA. Therapeutic gene delivery to the skin. Mol Med Today 1997; 3(12): 533-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1357-4310(97)01143-X] [PMID: 9449124]
[78]
Khavari PA, Krueger GG. Cutaneous gene therapy. Dermatol Clin 1997; 15(1): 27-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8635(05)70412-5] [PMID: 9001858]
[79]
Evans CH, Ghivizzani SC, Robbins PD. Progress and Prospects: genetic treatments for disorders of bones and joints. Gene Ther 2009; 16(8): 944-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/gt.2009.73] [PMID: 19675584]
[80]
Langer R. Biomaterials in drug delivery and tissue engineering: one laboratory’s experience. Acc Chem Res 2000; 33(2): 94-101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar9800993] [PMID: 10673317]
[81]
Vacanti JP, Langer R. Tissue engineering: the design and fabrication of living replacement devices for surgical reconstruction and transplantation. Lancet 1999; 354(Suppl. 1): SI32-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)90247-7] [PMID: 10437854]
[82]
Chopra H, Kumar S, Singh I. Bioinks for 3D printing of artificial extracellular matrices.Advanced 3D-Printed Systems and Nanosystems for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering. Elsevier 2020; pp. 1-37.
[83]
Cantinotti M, Valverde I, Kutty S. Three-dimensional printed models in congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 33(1): 137-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-016-0981-2] [PMID: 27677762]
[84]
Kiraly L. Three-dimensional modelling and three-dimensional printing in pediatric and congenital cardiac surgery. Transl Pediatr 2018; 7(2): 129-38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2018.01.02] [PMID: 29770294]
[85]
Wang S, Xiong Y, Chen J, et al. Three dimensional printing bilayer membrane scaffold promotes wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7(348): 348.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00348] [PMID: 31803738]
[86]
Xu C, Zhang Molino B, Wang X, et al. 3D printing of nanocellulose hydrogel scaffolds with tunable mechanical strength towards wound healing application. J Mater Chem B Mater Biol Med 2018; 6(43): 7066-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C8TB01757C] [PMID: 32254590]
[87]
Cereceres S, Lan Z, Bryan L, et al. Bactericidal activity of 3D-printed hydrogel dressing loaded with gallium maltolate. APL Bioengineering 2019; 3(2): 1-12.
[88]
Long J, Etxeberria AE, Nand AV, Bunt CR, Ray S, Seyfoddin A. A 3D printed chitosan-pectin hydrogel wound dressing for lidocaine hydrochloride delivery. Mater Sci Eng C 2019; 104(109873): 109873.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.109873] [PMID: 31500054]

© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version382msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[20:24:21] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[20:24:22] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[20:24:22] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[20:24:22] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (116ms)time
  • Application (266ms)time
  • 1 x Application (69.58%)
    266ms
    1 x Booting (30.42%)
    116ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    35 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 31 unique. Show only duplicated158ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58841643','',1,1740515061,1740515061) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740515061
      1.28msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58841643','/article/115342/cn',1,1740515061,1740515061)
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58841643 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58841643) limit 1
      16.45msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 58841643
      • 1: 58841643
      • 2: 58841643
      • 3: 58841643
      • 4: 58841643
      • 5: 58841643
      • 6: 58841643
      • 7: 58841643
      • 8: 58841643
      • 9: 58841643
      • 10: 58841643
      • 11: 58841643
      • 12: 58841643
      • 13: 58841643
      • 14: 58841643
      • 15: 58841643
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=115342
      1.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 13 limit 1
      2.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 13
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      910μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.8msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.22msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '115342'
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '115342'
      3.51msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '115342' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.18msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      470μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 13 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      48.51msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      26.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      18.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 115342 limit 1
      350μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 115342 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 192853 limit 1
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 192853
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CDT' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      380μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CDT
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '115342' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      1.16msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '87' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11181 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      700μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 87
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '98' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11181 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      590μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 98
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'cn'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2486
      Bindings
      • 0: cn
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2486
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 2
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2487
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `multilanguage_article` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 115342)
      9.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2488
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2488
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `keyword` from `multilanguage_keywords` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 115342)
      4.5msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2489
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2489
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ', ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs , `au`.*, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `multilanguage_authors` as `au` left join `multilanguage_author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = 115342 group by `au`.`id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      6.46msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLangAuthor.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLangAuthor.php:30
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2493
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `multilanguage_journal`.`title` from `multilanguage_journal` where `multilanguage_journal`.`journal_id` = 13 and `language_id` = 2
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2495
      Bindings
      • 0: 13
      • 1: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2495
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 115342 limit 1
      3.73msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 115342
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740515062 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740515062 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.62msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740515062
      • 4: 1740515062
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740515062 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740515062 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740515062
      • 4: 1740515062
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='9a00b65cde8618fb31d2db1043b5b818'
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    2MultiLangArticle.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        8543dZvfZLZi1qjDAZsC3rvrBwvP7J9cfB6oDEpG
        uc_cart_id
        9a00b65cde8618fb31d2db1043b5b818
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/115342/cn" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/115342/cn
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImZZRVJrbVl1ZmRRTjRoUDJEb29aY0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicTVSNERFY1MySk4rSEpDVW82RnBOZlhQU3RjbzZGZ0dVQ2dBVWVtdVdIUT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyN2JlZTAxNGVhMzRjZDVjZDlhYThkZWNlNjRiM2Y4ZWJmZGQ4NTAyZWVlN2FhNzNlNjUzZjU3MWFlMGFhYTMzIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImZZRVJrbVl1ZmRRTjRoUDJEb29aY0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicTVSNERFY1MySk4rSEpDVW82RnBOZlhQU3RjbzZGZ0dVQ2dBVWVtdVdIUT0iLCJtYWMiOiIyN2JlZTAxNGVhMzRj" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:24:22 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRiUE50RVZpMTlOS3BNZ1BnL2c3T2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibEgzZE5yMjZZN1gwTGJSd1l3bVlKOUl1RUR0THB4VDdwSVdPN2Y4MnNYYk5TYUlKeENxdEhNeGhDdCtseUQ0UVZQWkdNVE85SElqT2U1d3F5eUdER09LczRRVEM2eUYvTzNBZnlFTFZDbitNMG5SSnhDcG1jZHRBVDFiZ3pqbm0iLCJtYWMiOiJlOWRlOWFkNWRjYzVjNjcwMDk3ZTM2MDIzNDk0NDFiNjRmMjVjZTc1NTkzM2Y0YTljODc3NjBjYWJjMTAzMWFkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:24:22 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRiUE50RVZpMTlOS3BNZ1BnL2c3T2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibEgzZE5yMjZZN1gwTGJSd1l3bVlKOUl1RUR0THB4VDdwSVdPN2Y4MnNYYk5TYUlKeENxdEhNeGhDdCtseUQ0UVZQWkdNV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjN3Tlc1VUQ2cG5HLzZiSEhzUjRIZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoienk4MFI1Skc3ZUJaczJFREprOFpmYkxTd0YzMm5ENVZGamhkdHJQVHg4cGpuNktleGZNeGVqbmNyZjhmZDVoMnFRMzlDODY2MUZXMTVYMjBvZmN1TllUZk1jcDZZa0RkYzVEQi9wSnlTTVB5R0hVQXlEdWpoSmF5d0dBRFlIMFAiLCJtYWMiOiJkMzc4NWU0M2FkMGI1MjM5NGI0NGI2YWZjYjUwZTY1N2ZjNWYxNjBlNzMzMGU4YWE1NjU1YWY3MTI4ZmNjNDczIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjN3Tlc1VUQ2cG5HLzZiSEhzUjRIZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoienk4MFI1Skc3ZUJaczJFREprOFpmYkxTd0YzMm5ENVZGamhkdHJQVHg4cGpuNktleGZNeGVqbmN" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRiUE50RVZpMTlOS3BNZ1BnL2c3T2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibEgzZE5yMjZZN1gwTGJSd1l3bVlKOUl1RUR0THB4VDdwSVdPN2Y4MnNYYk5TYUlKeENxdEhNeGhDdCtseUQ0UVZQWkdNVE85SElqT2U1d3F5eUdER09LczRRVEM2eUYvTzNBZnlFTFZDbitNMG5SSnhDcG1jZHRBVDFiZ3pqbm0iLCJtYWMiOiJlOWRlOWFkNWRjYzVjNjcwMDk3ZTM2MDIzNDk0NDFiNjRmMjVjZTc1NTkzM2Y0YTljODc3NjBjYWJjMTAzMWFkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:24:22 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkRiUE50RVZpMTlOS3BNZ1BnL2c3T2c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibEgzZE5yMjZZN1gwTGJSd1l3bVlKOUl1RUR0THB4VDdwSVdPN2Y4MnNYYk5TYUlKeENxdEhNeGhDdCtseUQ0UVZQWkdNV" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjN3Tlc1VUQ2cG5HLzZiSEhzUjRIZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoienk4MFI1Skc3ZUJaczJFREprOFpmYkxTd0YzMm5ENVZGamhkdHJQVHg4cGpuNktleGZNeGVqbmNyZjhmZDVoMnFRMzlDODY2MUZXMTVYMjBvZmN1TllUZk1jcDZZa0RkYzVEQi9wSnlTTVB5R0hVQXlEdWpoSmF5d0dBRFlIMFAiLCJtYWMiOiJkMzc4NWU0M2FkMGI1MjM5NGI0NGI2YWZjYjUwZTY1N2ZjNWYxNjBlNzMzMGU4YWE1NjU1YWY3MTI4ZmNjNDczIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IjN3Tlc1VUQ2cG5HLzZiSEhzUjRIZHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoienk4MFI1Skc3ZUJaczJFREprOFpmYkxTd0YzMm5ENVZGamhkdHJQVHg4cGpuNktleGZNeGVqbmN" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "8543dZvfZLZi1qjDAZsC3rvrBwvP7J9cfB6oDEpG" "uc_cart_id" => "9a00b65cde8618fb31d2db1043b5b818" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/115342/cn" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:24:22GET/article/115342/cn414353